Cellulose Fiber Evaluation for Asphalt Terminals

1. Cellulose Fiber Evaluationfor Asphalt Terminals J.Rettenmaier USA Cellulose Fiber Additive For Asphalt Terminals J. Sullivan Sales LLC

2. Cost Comparison of Adding Fiber at the Asphalt Terminal VS. Contractors Hot Mix Plant • Fiber cost at plant $.25/LB x 6 (.3%)= $1.50/ton • Rental cost for metering fiber at terminal $.50/ton • Labor cost for managing equipment at plant $.25/ton • Approximate Cost at Hot Mix Plant, $2.25/ton • Fiber cost at terminal $.45/LB x 6 (.3%) = $2.70/ton • Fiber cost at terminal $.45/LB x 4 (.2%) = $1.80/ton

3. Advantages of Adding Fiber at the Terminal • Terminal blending improves efficiency of fiber • Uniform dispersion provides fiber cost reduction • Terminal blended fiber reduces labor costs • Eliminates the need for renting metering equipment

4. Requirement of Adding Fiber at the Terminal • Fiber is added at 3.3% by weight of the oil • 3.3% addition in oil equals .2% in mix design • Drain down test will determine fiber addition

5. Drain Down of a SMA and PFC Mixtures Must Meet a .2% or less Requirement SMA Mixture Without Fiber Failed Drain Down Requirement SMA Mixture With 6.5% Oil Had 5.8% Drain Down

6. Drain Down of a SMA Mixture Without Fiber Added Cont. 7.1% Drain Down Failed Requirement 2.5 % Drain Down in PFC Failed Requirement of .2% or less oil

7. Drain Down of a SMA Mixture Without Fiber Added Cont. 2.8% Drain Down Failed Requirement 3.1% Drain Down Failed Requirement

8. Cellulose Fiber Addition in PG 76-22 at 2.5% in the Oil .3% Retention Failed Drain Down Test Requirement .2% Retention Passed Drain Down Test Requirement

9. SMA Mixed Design With 7% Oil With 2.5% Fiber in the Oil .1% Passes Drain Down Requirement .4% Fails Drain Down Requirement

10. PFC Mixture With 6% and 6.5% Oil .2% Drain Down Passes Requirement

11. SMA Mixture With 6%,6.5% and 7% Oil and 4% Fiber Addition .04% Drain Down Passes Requirement .1% Drain Down Passes Requirement

12. PFC Mixtures With 6%, 6.5%, and 7% Oil and 4% Fiber Addition .04%, .03%, and .02% Drain Down Passes Requirement

14. Silva Contracting on a 6000/ton OGFC mixture applied on Interstate 10 west of Houston Martin Asphalt of Houston, TX was the first terminal blending operation to add fiber in their PG 76-22. Through a series of drain down tests it was determined that the fiber should be added at 3.3% by weight of the polymer modified oil.

15. Martin PG76-22 and 3.3% Interfibe FT Fiber Specific Gravity D70 Method Rotational Viscosity D4402 Method • Martin PG 76-22 Specific Gravity 1.033 • Interfibe FT 3.3% addition --------- 1.045 • Martin PG 76-22 (135 C) ------------1,835 • Interfibe FT 3.3% addition (135 C) 11,488 • Martin PG 76-22 (165 C) ------------466 • Interfibe FT 3.3% addition (165 C) 2,980

16. Elastic Recovery Results with 3.3%FT fiber • Test Method D6084 (10c) • Martin Asphalt ----------------72 • Interfibe FT 3.3%-------------60

17. Separation Test D7173 without agitation • PG 76-22 w/o FT SP Top 1/3 (350 F) 153.25 • PG 76-22 w/o FT SP Bottom 1/3 (350)153.75 • Difference .50 • PG76-22 w/o Agitation the Fiber Separated

18. Simulated Tank Storage Paddle With Agitation 1-2 RPM at 350 F for 3 Days • PG 76-22 w/o FT (SP Top 1/3) 163.75 • PG 76-22 with FT (SP Top 1/3) 171.25 • PG 76-22 w/o FT (SP Bottom 1/3) 163.50 • PG 76-22 with FT (SP Bottom 1/3) 171.75 • The Difference: .25% w/o and .50% with FT

19. Simulated Tank Storage Rotational Viscosity Test Method D4402 • PG 76-22 (135C) w/o FT Tp: 2155 Bt: 2190 • PG 76-22 (135C) with FT Tp: 9850 Bt: 9755 • PG 76-22 (165C) w/o FT Tp: 522 Bt: 528 • PG 76-22 (165C) with FT Tp: 2850 Bt: 2725

20. The Addition of Interfibe FT Confirmed • Increased Rotational Viscosity • Increased Softening Point • Decreased Elastic Recovery ---------------------------------------------------------------Simulated Tank Storage Confirmed: Minimal Agitation Maintained the Mixture of FT Fiber in PG76-22 in suspension.