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Preparing for the Session Follow these steps:. Launch Internet Explorer Go to: http://lawschool.westlaw.com but don’t log in! Hit the CTRL + N keys to open a new window Go to: http://www.lexis.com/research but don’t log in!.
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Preparing for the SessionFollow these steps: • Launch Internet Explorer • Go to: http://lawschool.westlaw.combut don’t log in! • Hit the CTRL + N keys to open a new window • Go to: http://www.lexis.com/researchbut don’t log in! Have your Lexis password and your Westlaw Password ready.
Lexis/Westlaw TrainingSpring 2007 Exploring the Unknown:Issue-Based Searching Presented by Lee Ryan, John Shafer, Amy Wright & Terry Cullen
Typical Westlaw Scope ( ) Screen Use Westlaw’s and Lexis’s to learn: coverage, dates, search tips Choosing the Right Source • Tools • Directory — Westlaw • “Look for a Source” — Lexis • Techniques • Browsing • Searching to discover items about a particular topic. • Searching for a title that you already know. • “Search the Westlaw Directory” • “Find a Source”
Westlaw Database Selection Michigan Law Review premises liability
Lexis Source Selection California Eviction Defense Manual bad faith
Source Selection Principles • Pick the smallest that fits your needs. Seek: • Your jurisdiction only • Your topic only • Consider a secondary source… • When you are new to a topic • When you are not sure where to start • Whenever analysis and explanation might be useful
The Client’s Problem — You represent a small business with 200 employees. The head of human resources has been informed that one of the employees is addicted to “crank” (also known as speed or methamphetamine). She has come to you to find out if her company needs to provide any special accommodation for this employee under state or federal law.
must a drug manufacturer warn consumers of risks or side effects?
(Terms) must a drug manufacturer warn consumers of risks or side effects? drug manufacturer warn consumer risk “side effect”
(Alternatives) must a drug manufacturer warn consumers of risks or side effects? drug manufacturer warn consumer risk pharmaceutical disclose “side effect”
Root Expander (!) & Universal Character (*) discrim! discriminate, discrimination... test! test, tests, testing, tester, tested (but also: testify, testimony, testament…) super*ede supercede or supersede bank, banks, banker, banking (but not bankrupt…) bank*** test, tests, testing, tester, tested(and testify) (but not testified, testamentary…) test***
neg neg neganepant negant negar negardchepe negarde negardy negate negater negatif(e negation negationist negatism negatival negative negative negative negatively negativeness negativism negativist negativistic negativity negativo- negaton negator negatory negatron negatyfe nege negebure negentropy neger negh negh neghe neghe neghebur neghnesse neght Negh t neghsom neglect neglect neglect neglectable neglected neglecter neglectful neglecting neglectingly neglection neglective neglectly neglector négligé negligeable negligee negligence negligent negligently negligible negoce negociall négociant negon Negoos negotiability negotiable negotial negotiant negotiate negotiation negotiator negotiatory negotiatress negotiatrix negotiosity negotious negre negremancien Negress Negretti Negri negrification Negrillo Negrine Negrine Negrish negritic negritize Negrito Negritude Negro Negro-head Negroid Negroism Negroization Negroland Negroloid negromancer Negroness Negroni Negrophil Negrophilism Negrophilist Negrophilistic Negrophobe Negrophobia Negrotic Negus negus neg neg neganepant negant negar negardchepe negarde negardy negate negater negatif(e negation negationist negatism negatival negative negative negative negatively negativeness negativism negativist negativistic negativity negativo- negaton negator negatory negatron negatyfe nege negebure negentropy neger negh negh neghe neghe neghebur neghnesse neght Negh t neghsom neglect neglect neglect neglectable neglected neglecter neglectful neglecting neglectingly neglection neglective neglectly neglector négligé negligeable negligee negligence negligent negligently negligible negoce negociall négociant negon Negoos negotiability negotiable negotial negotiant negotiate negotiation negotiator negotiatory negotiatress negotiatrix negotiosity negotious negre negremancien Negress Negretti Negri negrification Negrillo Negrine Negrine Negrish negritic negritize Negrito Negritude Negro Negro-head Negroid Negroism Negroization Negroland Negroloid negromancer Negroness Negroni Negrophil Negrophilism Negrophilist Negrophilistic Negrophobe Negrophobia Negrotic Negus negus Negligen! Neg!
(Root expander) must a drug manufacturer warn consumers of risks or side effects? drug manufacturer warn consumer risk manufact! warn! pharmaceutical disclose “side effect” disclos!
Connectors (for Context) OR AND & other restrictors Expands / Broadens Limits / Restricts Common variants of AND: w/p = same paragraph w/s = same sentence w/# = within specified numbere.g.,jury w/5 tamper!
How OR expandsHow AND restricts Does a lawyer who fails to do research commit malpractice?— Lexis search in California Cases — 76,131 7155 94,524! orAttorney Lawyer orLegal 42 2131 andMalpractice andResearch w/p w/p 264
Phrases versus Connectors Put phrases in quotes — “Proximate Cause” Proximate Cause Don’t overuse phrase searching — “child custody” won’t find “...custody of the child…”
(Connectors) must a drug manufacturer warn consumers of risks or side effects? drug manufacturer warn consumer risk warn! manufact! pharmaceutical disclose “side effect” disclos! drug or pharmaceutical w/p manufact! w/p warn! or disclos! w/p consumer w/p risk or “side effect”
Quick Westlaw Refresher —Features of Law School research page • Find By Citation • Directory • KeyCite This Citation • Search These Databases • Research Trail
Decide where to search and…Sign on! lawschool.westlaw.com
Quick Lexis Refresher —Features of Law School research page • Get A Document • Find A Source Tab • Shepard’s • History
How can I tell when I’m finished? Are you… • Seeing the same documents over & over? • Using different search techniques? • Using different publishers’ tools? • Checking both primary & secondary sources? • Using both Shepards & KeyCite?
Just Ask! • When using an unfamiliar electronic resource, don’t get lost! • Ask one of your friendly USF librarians for help at: 415.422.6773 OR….
If you’re doing your research in the dead of night…. Call the Lexis or Westlaw reference attorney hotlines – they’re available 24/7, 365 days a year. Lexis: 1-800-45-LEXIS Westlaw: 1-800-REF-ATTY
Fields / Segments Each part of a document can be separately searched Fields/Segments vary depending on type of document Field searching narrows search results!
Order of Processing: or w/# w/s w/p and frisk! or search! w/3 seiz! versus frisk! or (search! w/3 seiz!)
Choosing the Right Source • Westlaw and Lexis both have multiple sources to search – think of both systems as libraries of primary & secondary legal resources. • Search for cases, statutes, regulations, or… • Search treatises and law review articles. • How can you find the right place to start searching?