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Toxicology

Toxicology. The Nervous System. Nervous system. The central nervous system (CNS ) Brain cranial nerves spinal cord The peripheral nervous system (PNS) Sensory (afferent) neurons Motor (efferent) neurons. skull. The Brain. Forebrain Midbrain Hindbrain. Midbrain.

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Toxicology

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  1. Toxicology The Nervous System

  2. Nervous system The central nervous system (CNS) Brain cranial nerves spinal cord The peripheral nervous system (PNS) Sensory (afferent) neurons Motor (efferent) neurons

  3. skull

  4. The Brain Forebrain Midbrain Hindbrain

  5. Midbrain

  6. Cerebrum

  7. Spinal cord

  8. Cranial nerves

  9. Neuroglial or glial cell

  10. The Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) The BBB is anatomical and physiological “barrier” between brain and circulation. Molecular size Lipid solubility Molecular charge Concentration differences Specialized transport mechanism

  11. Neuron action potential and synaptic function

  12. Neurotoxicity

  13. Neurotoxicity Motor neurons: Muscle dysfunction, paralysis Interneurons:Memmory, learning coordination Sensory neurons: Dysfunction in vision,hearing, and senses,temperature,pressure,touch,taste,smell and pain.

  14. Chemicals that can produce neurotransmission-associated toxicities Block the release of neurotransmitter (Botulinum) . Produce uncontrolled release of neurotransmittor. Block impulse conduction along axons (anesthesia). Activate synaptic function (nicotine) . Block synaptic function by interfering with normal calcium channel (lead, cobalt). Block reuptake or breakdown of neurotrasmittor resulting in receptor overstimulation (cocaine).

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