WORLD HISTORY REVIEW

1. WORLD HISTORY REVIEW OR – what are most of the answers you will need in order to get a good grade on the final exam! 

2. I am given credit for the invention of the European Printing Press and movable type • Johann Guttenberg

3. I painted the Mona Lisa, the Last Supper, the Battle of Anghiari, sketched the human anatomy, and invented cool stuff that was not produced for hundreds of years! • Leonardo da Vinci

4. I sculpted the marble David, painted the Sistine Ceiling, the Last Judgment, and sculpted several Pietas • Michelangelo

5. I am the German monk that wrote the 95 Theses complaining about the RCC sales of indulgences thus starting the Protestant Reformation • Martin Luther

6. A series of rulers from a single family that rule one region over an extended period of time. • We saw examples of these in Egypt and China • Dynasty

7. The way of life for a group of people • Culture

8. A political, economic, and military system based upon the holding of land, with an emphasis on local protection, local government, and local self sufficiency • Feudalism

9. I am the third lowest rank in feudalism. I have land, but my primary job is to fight for my king in my super cool armor. Chicks dig me. • Knight

10. The place where monks live that helped “preserve civilization” during the European Dark Ages. • Monastery

11. The God-kings that ruled over ancient Egypt • Pharaoh

12. The total difference between the value of exports and the value of imports. If the value of exports is greater than the value of imports, countries have a favorable __________________ . • Balance of trade

13. The name given to the journey that slaves took on the Atlantic Ocean between Africa and the Americas. • The Middle Passage

14. The economic philosophy that developed in Europe as a result of the Age of Exploration and the creation of empires. It said countries will become economically self sufficient and exports are favored over imports. • Mercantilism.

15. “More food = More ________.” • PEOPLE!

16. What was the first written code of law? • Hammurabi’s Code of Law

17. This was the “civilizing” and “unifying” force of western Europe during the Middle Ages. • The ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH

18. This civilization created the 22 symbol alphabet that is the basis for our 26 symbol alphabet. • The Phoenicians

19. Why did the Christians fight the Muslims during the Crusades? • For control of the HOLY LAND and the city of Jersusalem.

20. A person that preaches ideas and beliefs that are different from or oppose the Roman Catholic Church. • A heretic.

21. What caused the death of numerous people during the late Middle Ages thus creating a labor shortage and allowing peasants to ask for wages? • The Black Death or the PLAGUE

22. The common ordinary language spoken by a majority of the population. • Vernacular.

23. This person is considered the spiritual link between God and the people, according to the Roman Catholic Church – thus, he has a LOT of power. • The POPE.

24. What does the lord give to the vassal to create the bond of loyalty? • A fief or LAND.

25. What event caused the calling of the Crusades by Pope Urban II? • Alexis (the ruler of the Byzantine Empire) asked the RCC for help to regain the HOLY LAND!

26. What type of government has representatives elected by the citizens? • A republic. • Bonus Question: Which civilization created the republic and gave it to western civilization? • The Romans.

27. This culture was created by blending Greek culture and Persian culture. It developed because of the conquests of Alexander the Great. • Hellenism.

28. What regions or territories were conquered by Alexander the Great? • Greece, Asia Minor, Egypt, the Middle East, Persia and India. • His army quit before he could go to China.

29. What are the components of Classical Greek art? • Balance, order, and proportion.

30. The Iliad and the Odyssey are both examples of what type of Greek literature? • The epic poem.

31. This type of teaching technique involves the teacher asking a question, the student giving an answer, and the teacher asking another question. • The Socratic Method

32. This type of government has the CITIZENS directly voting on the laws of the community. • Democracy.

33. The rebirth of the soul into another being in the religions of Hinduism and Buddhism. • Reincarnation.

34. This trade route connected Europe, Central/South Asia, and China together. • The Great Silk Road.

35. The idea of a person’s behavior affecting the fate of their soul in the next in Hinduism and Buddhism. • Karma.

36. Around what TWO rivers did the early civilizations of India develop? • The Indus and the Ganges.

37. The belief in ONE god. • Monotheism.

38. What are the THREE rivers of the Fertile Crescent? (JET, Baby!) • The Jordan, the Tigris, the Euphrates

39. A government in which the religious leader is also the political leader. • Theocracy.

40. A politically independent city and the surrounding farmland in the region of Sumer. • A City-state

41. The belief in many gods. • Polytheism.

42. What are the SEVEN traits of a civilization? • Cities, government, social hierarchy, art and architecture, advanced technology, religion, WRITING

44. What are some of the basic characteristics of hunting and gathering communities? • Small, egalitarianism, nomadic, NO farming

45. The time period in history BEFORE the invention of writing. • Prehistory.

46. Around what geographic feature did the ancient civilizations of Sumer, Egypt, India and China develop? • Rivers • BONUS QUESTION – why did they develop around rivers? • Agriculture

47. From what religion did Christianity branch or develop? • Hint: the original monotheistic religion. • Judaism

48. What title did Siddhartha Gautama take after he gained enlightenment? • The Buddha

49. A person that makes goods by hand. • Artisan.

50. During this revolutionary period, farming developed with the domestication of animals. • The Neolithic Revolution.