Toledo: A Problem of Menus

1. Session 2 Passage I Toledo: A Problem of Menus

2. Lead in Ashortvideo TheIntroductionofAnna's Anna’sMenu Warm-upquestions

3. Here is a short video, what can we know from this video? II ■

4. Text-related Information A restaurant in Berkeley "Anna's is a rare place that recharges the soul" -- The San Francisco Bay Guardian"The contrast between University Avenue and the inside of Anna's is adifference of time as well as of location." -- The Daily California.

5. Text-related Information ANNA’S Menu ~ APPETIZERS ~ Greek Appetizer Plate 6.25Thai Shrimp 5.75~ GUMBO ~OUR WEEKEND EVENING SPECIALLouisiana Gumbo 9.95~ SAVORIES ~Roasted Bar-B-Q Chicken 9.75~ SALADS ~Mediterranean 7.95~ IN THE BOWL ~Brazilian Black Bean Soup 4.25~ SANDWICHES ~Vegetarian 6.95~ DESSERTS ~Black Magic Chocolate Cake 4.95

6. Warm-up questions 1. What kind of food do you like better, Chinese food or western food? Chinese food, I think Chinese food is more delicious than other food and it is healthy. 2. What do you know about western table manners? Open

7. Intensive Study 1.Questions for Group Discussion 2. Word Study 3. Sentence Structure

8. Questions for Group Discussion 1. Question for Part I (Paras. 1 – 3): If customers make their order on the tourist menu, what will they have to pay? (They will have to pay a surcharge. ) 2. Question for Part II (Paras. 4 – 6): Why did the Englishman call the waiter after his partridge was served? (Because he thought his partridge was rotten and uneatable. ) 3. Question for Part III (Paras. 7 – 12): In order to calm the Englishman, what did the author say and do? (He tasted the partridge and said that there was nothing wrong with it. It just tasted like that. ) 4. Question for Part IV (Para. 13): What’s the trouble with the author’s chicken? (It tasted just like the partridge and it was uneatable. )

9. Text Toledo: A Problem of Menus (para. 1) I escaped but projected myself into an even worse situation for I chose what seemed to be the best restaurant in Toledo, where I announced quickly and in a clear voice that I wanted the tourist menu.   (para. 2) The waiter handed me a menu which offered a choice of five soups, eleven egg or fish dishes, seven meat courses and six desserts, but of the twenty-nine dishes thus available, twenty-six carried a surchargeif ordered on the tourist menu. Technically, one could order a dinner that would cost the price advertised by the government, but if he did so he would have two soups, one cheap fish and no dessert. Madrid had laid down the law, but Toledo was carrying it out.   1 2 3

10. (para. 3) I ordered three dishes, each of which carried a surcharge: soup, roasted chicken, steak. The soup was delicious and the wine was nice and I sat back to enjoy the meal.   (Para. 4) Unfortunately, I had chosen a table that put me next to a good-looking, red-faced Englishman whose suit gave the impression that he must at home have been a hunting man. As he finished his soup he said to his wife, “First class, absolutely first class.”He had, as I suspected he might, ordered the partridge, but when the waiter deposited the partridge before him, the Englishman looked at it suspiciously, waited till the waiter had gone, then asked his wife quietly, “Do you smell something?”   4

11. (Para. 5) “I think I do,” she replied.   “And do you know what it is?”   Without speaking she pointed her fork at thepartridge, whereupon her husband nodded silently and brought his nose closer to the casserole. “My God,” he said in a lower voice, “It’s terrible.”   His wife got a piece of the bird onto her fork and tasted it, looked at her husband and nodded.   “What to do?” he asked.   “You can’teat it.”   “Should I call the waiter.”   “I think you’dbetter do.” 

12. (Para. 6) I was now in a relaxed mood and had no desire to see the Englishman make a fool of himself, because I was sure he wanted to avoid a scene. “With your permission, sir,”I said, waiting for him to acknowledge me.   “Of course.”   “I’m afraid there’snothing wrong with your partridge, sir. It’s how they serve it in Spain. Delicious. Well hung.” The Englishman looked at me, then at the bird and said, “My good man, I’ve been accustomed to the well-hung all my life. Gamy. But this bird is rotten.”   (Para. 7) “May I, sir?” I tasted the partridge and it was exactly the way it should have been by Toledo standards. A little like a very strong cheese. Special taste made by hanging the bird without refrigeration, and much enjoyed by Spanish hunters and countrymen. “It’s as it should be,”I concluded.   5 6 7

13. (Para. 8) The Englishman, not one to make a scene, tasted the bird again but found it more objectionable than before. “I’ve shot a good many birds in my lifetime,”he said, “but if I ever got one that smelled like this I’dshoot it again.?   Once more I tried to console him: “I’ve had Toledo partridge twice before, and I promise you, it tasted just like yours.”   “And you stood?” he pushed his plate away but refrained from complaining to the waiter.  

14. (Para. 9) At this point the waiter brought my chicken, and I am embarrassed to report that it smelled just like the partridge. It was uneatable. I tried cutting off a small piece, but blood ran out the end and the smell increased. I followed through and tasted it, but it was truly awful and I must have made a face, for the Englishman reached over, cut himself a helping, cut it into two and tried one while giving the other to his wife. Neither could eat the sample, whereupon the Englishman smiled and said very softly, “See what I mean?”   8

15. Word Study escapev.get away from prison; get free temporarily逃脱；逃避 FOR EXAMPLE: The prisoners escaped by climbing over the wall. The lion escaped from its cage. We escaped to an island in the Pacific for our vacation.

16. Word Study smelln.&v. 闻；嗅出；察觉到；有…气味 FOR EXAMPLE: Now smell; what do you think this liquid is? Don’tstrike a match if you smell gas. She picked up the soap and smelled it. I could smell that the milk wasn’tfresh. They all have an excellent sense of smell. The air has a sweet smell.

17. Word Study whereupon ad.马上; 因此;于是 FOR EXAMPLE: His department was shut down, whereupon he returned to London. He didn’tunderstand the point, whereupon I had to explain it further. The soldier refused to surrender, whereupon the army captured him.

18. Word Study moodn.心情；情绪 FOR EXAMPLE: The beautiful sunny morning put him in a happy mood. His moods change very quickly; one morning he is cheerful, and the next complaining about his life. She was in one of her bad moods. I wasn’tin the mood for helping.

19. Word Study acknowledgev. 承认、表示感谢、表明已收到 FOR EXAMPLE: He was acknowledged as one of America’s finest writers. The president stood up to acknowledge the cheers of the crowd. You have to sign here and acknowledge receipt. I acknowledge the truth of your statement.

20. Word Study scenen. 吵闹、景象、场面 FOR EXAMPLE: They caused a scene at the supermarket. The family reunion scene was the best part of the play. He drunk in the beauty of the scene.

21. Word Study tastev. 品尝, 辨味, (of) 有 ...味道, 领略 vt. 体验, 感到 n. 味道, 味觉 FOR EXAMPLE: I don’tlike the taste of fresh fish. She has a very good taste in clothes. Her novels are too violent for my taste. He insisted on pouring the wine for a guest to taste. This soup tastes nice.

22. Word Study embarrass vt. 使困窘, 使局促不安, 阻碍, 麻烦 FOR EXAMPLE: It embarrasses me even to think about it. She had been too embarrassed to ask her friends to lend her some money.

23. Text Toledo: A Problem of Menus (para. 1) I escaped but projected myself into an even worse situation for I chose what seemed to be the best restaurant in Toledo, where I announced quickly and in a clear voice that I wanted the tourist menu.   (para. 2) The waiter handed me a menu which offered a choice of five soups, eleven egg or fish dishes, seven meat courses and six desserts, but of the twenty-nine dishes thus available, twenty-six carried a surchargeif ordered on the tourist menu. Technically, one could order a dinner that would cost the price advertised by the government, but if he did so he would have two soups, one cheap fish and no dessert. Madrid had laid down the law, but Toledo was carrying it out.   (Para. 1)I escaped but projected myself into an even worse situation for I chose what seemed to be the best restaurant in Toledo, where I announced quickly and in a clear voice that I wanted the tourist menu.Analysis: This is a complex sentence. For here is used as a conjunction introducing a clause of reason. What seemed to be the best restaurant in Toledo is used as the object of chose; where I announced quickly and in a clear voice that I wanted the tourist menu is a non-restrictive relative clause modifying the best restaurant. The where-clause again has a that-clause as its object. Translation: 我刚刚逃离一个困境，却又一头陷入了更糟糕的境地。 事情是这样的：我选择了在托莱多看上去是最好的饭店，在那里我用 干脆利落的语言表示我要看旅游菜单。 1 2 3

24. Text Toledo: A Problem of Menus (para. 1) I escaped but projected myself into an even worse situation for I chose what seemed to be the best restaurant in Toledo, where I announced quickly and in a clear voice that I wanted the tourist menu.   (para. 2) The waiter handed me a menu which offered a choice of five soups, eleven egg or fish dishes, seven meat courses and six desserts, but of the twenty-nine dishes thus available, twenty-six carried a surchargeif ordered on the tourist menu. Technically, one could order a dinner that would cost the price advertised by the government, but if he did so he would have two soups, one cheap fish and no dessert. Madrid had laid down the law, but Toledo was carrying it out.   (Para. 2) ... but of the twenty-nine dishes thus available, twenty-six carried a surcharge if ordered on the tourist menu. Analysis: The adjective available is used here as an attributive post-modifying the twenty-nine dishes. This adjective usually follows the noun or noun phrase it modifies. If ordered is the ellipsis of if they are ordered. Translation: 但是如果从这份旅游菜单提供的29道菜肴里点菜， 却有26道要收附加费。 1 2 3

25. Text Toledo: A Problem of Menus (para. 1) I escaped but projected myself into an even worse situation for I chose what seemed to be the best restaurant in Toledo, where I announced quickly and in a clear voice that I wanted the tourist menu.   (para. 2) The waiter handed me a menu which offered a choice of five soups, eleven egg or fish dishes, seven meat courses and six desserts, but of the twenty-nine dishes thus available, twenty-six carried a surchargeif ordered on the tourist menu. Technically, one could order a dinner that would cost the price advertised by the government, but if he did so he would have two soups, one cheap fish and no dessert. Madrid had laid down the law, but Toledo was carrying it out.   (Para. 2)Technically, one could order a dinner that would cost the price advertised by the government, but if he did so he would have two soups, one cheap fish and no dessert. Analysis: Technically here means according to the exact details of the rules and that-clause is a relative clause modifying a dinner; and advertised by the government is a past participle phrase modifying the price. If he did so can be paraphrased as if the tourist ordered a dinner at the price advertised by the government. Translation: 按条文规定， 一位顾客可以按政府公布的价格点一份晚餐，但这种晚餐仅仅是包含两种汤，一道便宜的鱼，而且没有 甜点。 1 2 3

26. (para. 3) I ordered three dishes, each of which carried a surcharge: soup, roasted chicken, steak. The soup was delicious and the wine was nice and I sat back to enjoy the meal.   (Para. 4) Unfortunately, I had chosen a table that put me next to a good-looking, red-faced Englishman whose suit gave the impression that he must at home have been a hunting man. As he finished his soup he said to his wife, “First class, absolutely first class.”He had, as I suspected he might, ordered the partridge, but when the waiter deposited the partridge before him, the Englishman looked at it suspiciously, waited till the waiter had gone, then asked his wife quietly, “Do you smell something?”   (Para. 4) He had, as I suspected he might have, ordered the partridge, ... Analysis: In this sentence, as is a conjunction introducing an adverbial clause of manner. Translation: 不出我所料，他要了一份山鹑。 Example: Shelley, as we had seen, had met her through his uncle. 4

27. (Para. 6) I was now in a relaxed mood and had no desire to see the Englishman make a fool of himself, because I was sure he wanted to avoid a scene. “With your permission, sir,”I said, waiting for him to acknowledge me.   “Of course.”   “I’m afraid there’snothing wrong with your partridge, sir. It’s how they serve it in Spain. Delicious. Well hung.” The Englishman looked at me, then at the bird and said, “My good man, I’ve been accustomed to the well-hung all my life. Gamy. But this bird is rotten.”   (Para. 7) “May I, sir?” I tasted the partridge and it was exactly the way it should have been by Toledo standards. A little like a very strong cheese. Special taste made by hanging the bird without refrigeration, and much enjoyed by Spanish hunters and countrymen. “It’s as it should be,”I concluded.   5 (Para. 6)“With your permission, sir,”I said, waiting for him to acknowledge me. Analysis: With your permission is used to ask somebody to permit something. Here it means May I be allowed to say a few words to say about it? Translation: 于是我对他说：“先生，我可以说句话吗？”并等着他回答我 。 Example: With your permission, I’ll leave now. 6 7

28. (Para. 7) ...it was exactly the way it should have been by Toledo standards. Analysis: It should have been by Toledo standards is used as a relative clause modifying the way. Here in which is omitted. The subjunctive mood should have been shows that it is a subjective supposition. Translation: 它确实是按标准的托莱多方式做出来的味道。 Example: He hated the way (in which) she talked. (Para. 6) I was now in a relaxed mood and had no desire to see the Englishman make a fool of himself, because I was sure he wanted to avoid a scene. “With your permission, sir,”I said, waiting for him to acknowledge me.   “Of course.”   “I’m afraid there’snothing wrong with your partridge, sir. It’s how they serve it in Spain. Delicious. Well hung.” The Englishman looked at me, then at the bird and said, “My good man, I’ve been accustomed to the well-hung all my life. Gamy. But this bird is rotten.”   (Para. 7) “May I, sir?” I tasted the partridge and it was exactly the way it should have been by Toledo standards. A little like a very strong cheese. Special taste made by hanging the bird without refrigeration, and much enjoyed by Spanish hunters and countrymen. “It’s as it should be,”I concluded.   5 6 7

29. (Para. 7) Special taste produced by hanging the bird without refrigeration, and much enjoyed by Spanish hunters and countrymen. Analysis: This is an elliptical sentence which can be paraphrased as The special taste was made by hanging ...In this sentence, produced by and enjoyed by are two past participle phrases used to modify special taste. Translation: 带一种没经过冷藏而晾干的野味发出来的特殊味道，西班牙猎人和乡下人特别喜爱。 Example: The fried chicken served by this fast-food restaurant has a special taste. (Para. 6) I was now in a relaxed mood and had no desire to see the Englishman make a fool of himself, because I was sure he wanted to avoid a scene. “With your permission, sir,”I said, waiting for him to acknowledge me.   “Of course.”   “I’m afraid there’snothing wrong with your partridge, sir. It’s how they serve it in Spain. Delicious. Well hung.” The Englishman looked at me, then at the bird and said, “My good man, I’ve been accustomed to the well-hung all my life. Gamy. But this bird is rotten.”   (Para. 7) “May I, sir?” I tasted the partridge and it was exactly the way it should have been by Toledo standards. A little like a very strong cheese. Special taste made by hanging the bird without refrigeration, and much enjoyed by Spanish hunters and countrymen. “It’s as it should be,”I concluded.   5 6 7

30. (Para. 9) At this point the waiter brought my chicken, and I am embarrassed to report that it smelled just like the partridge. It was uneatable. I tried cutting off a small piece, but blood ran out the end and the smell increased. I followed through and tasted it, but it was truly awful and I must have made a face, for the Englishman reached over, cut himself a helping, cut it into two and tried one while giving the other to his wife. Neither could eat the sample, whereupon the Englishman smiled and said very softly, “See what I mean?”   (Para. 9) ...but it was truly awful and I must have made a face, for the Englishman reached over,... Analysis: Must have done (something) is used to express a guess of something done in the past. Translation: 味道难闻极了。我一定是脸上露出一副苦相，因为那个英国人伸过手来… Example: He must have succeeded in the exam, for he is always smiling today. 8

31. Practice Read and Think Read and Complete Read and Translate Read and Simulate

32. Assignments 1. Oral work: Prepare to retell the story told in Passage I in about 100 words. Oral presentations will be required in the next class. 2. Written work: Do Ex. 5 on P. 85. 3. Preparation work: 1) Read Passage II for several times. 2) Do all the exercises after Passage II.