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LECTURE 10:. Microbial Metabolism. Microbiology and Virology; 3 Credit hours Atta- ur - Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB) National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST). ATP. Interesting Fact.
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LECTURE 10: Microbial Metabolism Microbiology and Virology; 3 Credit hours Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB) National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST)
Interesting Fact • ATP is continuously recycled in organisms: the human body, which on average contains only 250 grams of ATP,turns over its own body weight equivalent in ATP each day. • The collective metabolic capacities of bacteria allow them to metabolize virtually every organic compound on this planet.
THE BREAKDOWN OF GLUCOSE TO PYRUVATE • Microorganisms employ several metabolic pathways to catabolize glucose and other sugars • The Embden Meyerhof pathway, • The pentose phosphate pathway, and • The EntnerDoudoroff pathway • These three pathways are collectively called as glycolytic pathways or as glycolysis
Stage 1 Stage 2 Glycolytic Pathway The Embden Meyerhof pathway
Stage 2 Triose phosphate isomerase Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase Phosphoglycerate kinase Phosphoglycerate mutase Enolase Pyruvate Kinase
The Pentose Phosphate Pathway Importance in Biosynthesis • NADPH from the pentose phosphate pathway serves as a source of electrons for the reduction of molecules during biosynthesis • Two important precursor metabolites: • erythrose 4-phosphate, which is used to synthesize aromatic amino acids and vitamin B6 (pyridoxal) • and ribose 5-phosphate which is a major component of nucleic acids. • Hexose sugars needed for peptidoglycan synthesis
KDPG aldolase This pathway yields one ATP, one NADPH, and one NADH per glucose metabolized