Overall commissioning strategy for protons (est d . 2005)

1. Overall commissioning strategy for protons (estd. 2005) Stage A D B C No beam Beam • Pilot physics run • First collisions • 43 bunches, no crossing angle, no squeeze, moderate intensities • Displace bunches to optimise collisions in the 4 experiments • Push performance • Performance limit few 1031 cm-2 s-1 (event pileup) • 75ns operation • Establish multi-bunch operation, moderate intensities • Relaxed machine parameters (squeeze and crossing angle) • Push squeeze and crossing angle • Performance limit 1033 cm-2 s-1 (event pileup) • 25ns operation I • Nominal crossing angle • Push squeeze • Increase intensity to 50% nominal • Performance limit 2 1033 cm-2 s-1 • 25ns operation II • Push towards nominal performance R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008

2. Summary of constraints for 2008 run Lower bunch length (and smaller luminous region) Lower momentum spread Lower threshold for longitudinal instability Faster growth rates for IBS All OK for 1eV.s R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008

3. Strategy for 2008 and 2009 2008 A No beam Beam 2009 B C No beam Beam R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008

4. Parameter tables Compiled by M.Giovannozzi with input by LHCCWG, in particular • W. Herr, J. Jowett, E. Métral, E. Shaposhnikova for • 43 bunch operation at 5TeV • 156 bunch operation at 5TeV • 43 bunch operation at 7TeV • 156 bunch operation at 7TeV • 75ns bunch operation at 7TeV • 50ns bunch operation at 7TeV • 25ns bunch operation at 7TeV Available on the LHCCWG web site at http://lhccwg.web.cern.ch/lhccwg/Bibliography/TargetMachineParameters.pdf R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008

5. 43 bunch parameters 2008 - settings R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008

6. 43 bunch parameters 2008 - derived R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008

7. Getting ready for Stage A • Commissioning plan developed within LHCCWG during 2006 + 2007 • Broken down into 12 phases • Details developed by the people who will implement it • Coordinators, commissioners, EiCs, accelerators system experts • Presentations, discussion, follow up • Procedures documented on the web • Circulation in EDMS for project wide information/approval • Each phase reviewed by LTC during 2007 • Orthogonal views (system-centric) presented at eLTC in March 2008 R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008

8. Commissioners responsible for phase/system R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008

9. Commissioning procedures (LHCCWG) R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008 Web based with EDMS approval http://lhccwg.web.cern.ch/lhccwg/Procedures/stageA/stageA_index.htm

10. Commissioning procedures - overall • All documents follow the same structure R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008

11. Commissioning procedures - steps • Procedures for phase A.3, 450 GeV, initial commissioning R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008

12. Commissioning procedures - details • A3.3, First commissioning of beam dump R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008

13. Commissioning procedures - details • A3.4, Commission systems with higher intensity R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008

14. System-centric – beam dump R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008

15. System-centric – beam dump R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008

16. MP Commissioning procedures (JU) R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008 EDMS approval http://lhccwg.web.cern.ch/lhccwg/MPS/Procedures/procedures_for_the_commissioning.htm

17. Getting BI systems ready (JJG) BI HW Domain BI SW Domain Other Commissioners (ABP/CO/OP) Domain R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008

18. Present activities (by phase/system commissioners) • Before beam • Ensure that the commissioning plan is ready (procedures) • Ensure that everything is in place (dry runs) • With beam • Orchestrate activities from the CCC • Make the necessary beam measurements and implement corrections • Pass on information to EICs for incorporation into routine operations • Make the necessary follow up • Close interaction with • Machine coordinators • System experts • EiCs R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008

19. Stage A: routes through the commissioning phases Snapback Ramp Injection First turn Snapback Ramp Top energy checks Injection First turn Circulating beam Top energy checks Squeeze Circulating beam 450GeV initial Squeeze 450GeV initial 450GeV optics Ramp both beams Experiment magnets OFF 450GeV optics 450GeV Increase I Squeeze both beams Top energy Collisions 450GeV Increase I Dipoles OFF 450GeV 2 beams Beam 2 Pilot physics Beam 1 450GeV Collisions 2 beams R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008

20. Sector test in case of trouble somewhere Beam 2 Beam 1 R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008

21. Stage A: 5TeV collisions • Approx 30 days of beam to establish first collisions • Approx 2 months elapsed • Given optimistic machine availability • Un-squeezed • Low intensity • Continue commissioning thereafter • Increased intensity • Squeeze R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008

22. First collisions - 4 on 4 normal bunches 3 5 3 ATLAS sees 11 22 33 44 ALICE sees 21 32 43 14 CMS sees 33 44 11 22 LHCb sees nothing ( IP8 sees 12 23 34 41 ) Collisions here 4 2 4 2 8 2 1 1 1 R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008

23. First collisions - 3 on 3 normal, 1 on 1 displaced 3 5 3 ATLAS sees 11 22 33 44 ALICE sees 43 14 CMS sees 33 44 11 22 LHCb sees 12 Collisions here 4 4 2 2 Minimum to give collisions in all of the 4 experiments is 3 bunches per beam (2 normal, 1 displaced) 8 2 1 1 1 R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008

24. First collisions - 2 on 2 normal, 2 on 2 displaced 3 5 3 4 4 ATLAS sees 11 22 33 44 ALICE sees nothing CMS sees 33 44 11 22 LHCb 12 34 Collisions here 2 2 8 2 1 1 1 R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008

25. Parameter evolution and rates All values for nominal emittance, 10m * in points 2 and 8 All values for 936 or 2808 bunches colliding in 2 and 8 (not quite right) 5 TeV 7 TeV R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008

26. Configuration of collision pattern • 25ns and 75ns operation • Nothing to do • Collisions determined by bunch pattern • 43 or 156 bunch operation • Can optimise according to needs • Previously thought to displace bunches in one beam (asym) • Can do better (symmetrically displace bunches in both beams) • Allows to adjust luminosity sharing between 2 and 8 while keeping maximum number of collisions in 1 and 5 R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008

27. Stage A physics running for ALICE and LHCb All values for nominal emittance, 10m * in point 2 R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008

28. Aims for 2008 • Commission machine to 5TeV • Multiple bunches circulating in each ring (43) • Moderate intensities (few 1010) • Single beam lifetimes ~ 30h • Injection optics (β*= 11 m in IR 1 & 5, β*= 10 m in IR 2 & 8) • No squeeze • No crossing angle • Collisions • Secondary aims • Commission squeeze in 1 and 5 to 3m • Commission squeeze in 8 to 6m • Push intensities (156 bunches, high 1010) • Tertiary aims • Commission crossing angle • Commission 75ns beams 106 seconds Realistically (1 and 5) 30 days of physics Efficiency for physics 40% Peak luminosity around 1031 cm-2 s-1 Integrated luminosity ~ 10 pb-1 R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008 (106 seconds @ <L> of 1030 cm-2 s-1→ 1 pb-1)

29. Aims for 2009 • Commission high energy operation • Aim for 7TeV (magnets will decide) • 43 /156 bunch running to start (brief) • 75ns running • 25ns running • High 1032 cm-2 s-1 is in reach • Mixture of • Operation for physics • Machine studies • Scheduled stops • Access, injection, ramp, squeeze etc • Colliding beams • Ion run ? 5 106 seconds Realistically (1 and 5) 150 days of physics Efficiency for physics 40% Peak luminosity around 1033 cm-2 s-1 Integrated luminosity ~ few fb-1 R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008 (106 seconds @ <L> of 1033 cm-2 s-1→ 1 fb-1)

30. Summary • Commissioning plan developed through 2006 and 2007 • Presented and circulated for approval in 2007 • Commissioning responsibilities agreed • Clear strategy for 2008 and 2009 • Performance estimates provided • Procedures not expected to be rigidly followed • Procedures not expected to be watertight • Web version remains the master • We think we are ready - we need to get going with beam R.Bailey, LHCMAC June 2008