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Enhancing Causal Analysis in Reading and Writing

This study focuses on improving students' understanding of text structure and causal analysis, as well as their critical thinking and logical order in writing. The research findings suggest the use of graphic organizers, color-coded text enhancements, and movement-based activities to enhance students' comprehension and writing skills.

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Enhancing Causal Analysis in Reading and Writing

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  1. BACKGROUND Born and raised in Bell County Married with one child(Emilee) Bachelor and Master Degrees at Union College Worked as a substitute teacher and teacher’s aide for 5 years. Taught for seven years in Special Education. Currently teaching English 2/Reading Revisited at Clay Co. High

  2. Introduction Issue • Students understanding of text structure specifically causal analysis. Reasoning • Below average reading ability. • Struggle with critical thinking. • Following a logical order in writing.-

  3. STANDARD • Analyze how the author unfolds an analysis or series of ideas or events, including the order in which the points are made, how they are introduced and developed, and the connections that are drawn between them.

  4. Sources

  5. Types of resources • Books • Websites • Professional Development • Writing Consultant

  6. Resources Most valuable • http://www.interventioncentral.org • http://www.suite101.com/content/colors-and-learning • Classroom Instruction That Works by Robert J. Marzano, Debra J. Pickering, and J.E. Pollock • Writing Extraordinary Essays by David Lee Finkle • Summarization in Any Subject by Rick Wormelli • Angela Hilterbrand Writing Consultant

  7. Findings Research showed the following: • Using colors with struggling students increases their level of retention. • Graphic organizers assist students in maintaining a focus throughout their writing. • That explicitly engaging students in the creation of nonlinguistic representations stimulates and increases activity in the brain(Marzano et al.)

  8. Viable solutions • Using graphic organizers were beneficial in helping students organize their thoughts on paper. • Strategies have helped students recognize causal text structure and transition words. • Using text enhancements such as words in color has proven to be beneficial. Students are recognizing and using transitional words in their writing.

  9. Activities • Prewriting • Bell work(identifying text structure) & (highlighting transition words) • Casual analysis chain • Sentence Strips • Text Enhancements • Kinesthetic activity involving sentence strips and text enhancements. • Graphic organizers • Portfolio piece

  10. Successes and Challenges Challenges • Prewrite : getting students to write something! • Few could respond orally to prompt. Successes • Sentence strips and color word strips • Graphic organizers

  11. Student Samples

  12. Student Samples cont. Modifications: • Bell work had to be read to them. • Some students required a scribe. • Color can be used by any teacher for instructional purposes such as: vocabulary, main idea, and text features. • Movement can also be used by any teacher for instructional purposes.

  13. WHY? Student struggles • In reading/writing • Analyzing text structure • Organizing thoughts on paper • Becoming frustrated with writing assignments. Teacher • Learn different strategies to teach writing. • Wanted a way to motivate students to write.

  14. Conclusion • Questions • Causal analysis chain • Sentence strip • Transition words • Next Steps

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