Cloud Computing How We Got Here, Where We Are, and Where we Are Heading

1. Cloud ComputingHow We Got Here, Where We Are, and Where we Are Heading Jeff Barr, Senior Evangelist Amazon Web Services

2. The Cloud is Suddenly Everywhere

3. How Did This Happen? • What is it? • Where did it come from? • Where are we now? • Where are we going?

4. What is it?

5. What is Cloud Computing? Cloud Computing is a utility service - giving you access to technology resources managed by experts and available on-demand. You simply access these services over the internet, with no up-front costs and you pay only for the resources you use. Just like your electric utility….

6. Where did it come from?

7. Where Did The Cloud Come From? 1960! IBM 1401

8. Communication • 1960’s: • RS-232 • Modem • 1970’s: • Internet • TCP/IP • ISDN • 1980’s: • DNS • DSL • Ethernet

9. Commodity Computing • 1960 - IBM 1401 • 1977 - TRS-80 • 1977 - Apple ][ • 1982 - IBM PC • 1985 – Rack mounted PC

10. Or, Put Another Way • Communications • Commodity Computing • Architecture • Software • Business Value

11. Architecture • Separation of design and implementation • Formal approach to design • Modularity

12. Software • Cooperative development • IBM Share • DECtape sharing • BSD • Open source • High-level languages • Portable code • Easy Sharing • Virtualization • IBM VM/360 • Xen

13. Business Focus • Value of IT recognized • IT becomes a crucial success factor • Emergence of the CIO

14. Where are we now?

15. Where We Are • Cloud adoption is now at early majority point

16. New Economic Model • No capital expenditure • Cost-effective and economical • Pay as you go and pay only for what you use • True elastic capacity; Scale up and down • Improved time to market

17. Why Are People So Excited?

18. Elastic and Pay-Per-Use Infrastructure Infrastructure Cost $ Large Capital Expenditure Unable to serve customers Predicted Demand Opportunity Cost Traditional Hardware Actual Demand Automated Virtualization time

19. Common Cloud Use Cases • Web site / application / SaaS hosting • Internal IT application hosting • Content delivery and media distribution • High performance computing, batch data processing, and large scale analytics • Storage, backup, and disaster recovery • Development and test environments

20. Example: Wall Street App on Amazon EC2 3000 - Number of EC2 Instances 300 CPU’s on weekends 300 - Wednesday 4/22/2009 Thursday 4/23/2009 Friday 4/24/2009 Saturday 4/25/2009 Sunday 4/26/2009 Monday 4/27/2009 Tuesday 4/28/2009

21. Example: Video App on Amazon EC2 Scaled to peak of 5,000 instances in 3 days Number of EC2 Instances Launch of Facebook modification 4/12/2008 4/13/2008 4/14/2008 4/15/2008 4/16/2008 4/17/2008 4/18/2008 4/19/2008 4/20/2008

22. Example: 30,000 Core Cluster in Minutes • Cycle Computing’s “Nekomata” • Top 5 Pharma – Molecular Dynamics • 95,078 compute hours (10.9 years) • EC2 Spot Instances – 57% savings • 3 AWS Regions (US East, US West, EU West) • CapEx: None • OpEx: $1279 / hour for AWS + CycleCloud

24. What is Amazon Web Services? Amazon Web Services is a cloud computing platform that provides flexible, scalable, and cost-effective technology infrastructure for businesses of all sizes around the world… …utilizing the knowledge, expertise, and tools used to run Amazon.com’s global web properties since 1995.

25. The pace of innovation in 2009 • » Amazon EC2 with Windows Server • 2008, • Spot Instances, • Boot from Amazon EBS • » Amazon CloudFront Streaming • » Amazon VPC enters Unlimited Beta • » AWS Region in Northern California • » International Support for AWS • Import/Export » AWS Multi-Factor Authentication » Virtual Private Cloud » Lower Reserved Instance Pricing » Reserved Instances in EU Region » Elastic MapReduce » SQS in EU Region » Amazon RDS » High-Memory Instances » Lower EC2 Pricing » New SimpleDB Features » FPS General Availability » Amazon SNS » AWS Security Center 2009 Jan 2010 Jan Jul Sep Oct Dec Aug Nov Feb Mar Apr Jun May Feb Mar » Amazon EC2 with Windows » Amazon EC2 in EU Region » AWS Toolkit for Eclipse » Amazon EC2 Reserved Instances » Amazon CloudFront Private Content » SAS70 Type II Audit » AWS SDK for .NET » Amazon Elastic MapReduce in Europe » Amazon EC2 Reserved Instances with Windows, Extra Large High Memory Instances » Amazon S3 Versioning Feature » Consolidated Billing for AWS » Lower pricing for Outbound Data Transfer » AWS Import/Export » New CloudFront Feature » Monitoring, Auto Scaling & Elastic Load Balancing » EBS Shared Snapshots » SimpleDB in EU Region » Monitoring, Auto Scaling & Elastic Load Balancing in EU » Lower pricing tiers for Amazon CloudFront » AWS Management Console

26. And pace accelerates in 2010…. » Free Monitoring EC2 » Amazon Route 53 » PCI DSS Level 1 Certification » Mobile SDKs (Android, iPhone) » Large Object S3 Support » Florida POP » Import/Export APAC » Amazon SNS » Combined AWS Data Transfer Savings » Amazon EMR Bootstrap Actions » Amazon ELB Session Stickiness » Amazon RDS in EU » New Singapore Region » RDS Reserved » CloudFront Default Root » Startup Challenge 2010 » CloudFront Invalidation » AWS Elastic Beanstalk » Amazon Simple Email Service » Improved AWS Support “Bronze” » Amazon CloudWatch Console » CloudFront HTTPS » NYC Edge Location » Lowers Pricing HTTP » AWS Import Export GA » Amazon SNS » Amazon S3 Console » Amazon EBS CloudWatch » Amazon RDS Read Replicas » Suse EC2 Linux » Amazon SNS Console » Amazon ELB HTTPS » AWS Free Tier » EMR Resizing Cluster » EMR JobFlow Debugging » Simple DB Consistent Reads » Simple DB Conditional Puts » VM Connector » Tokyo Region » AWS Support JP 2010 Jan 2011 Jan Jul Sep Oct Dec Aug Nov Feb Mar Apr Jun May Feb Mar » New VPC » Dedicated Instances » Windows 2008 R2 » Amazon S3 Lowered Pricing » CloudFront GA, SLA » S3 Multipart » GPGPU Instance Types » ISO27001/2 Certification » Amazon SQS Longer retention, Free Tier Amazon S3 Bucket Policies » Amazon VPC IP Address » Cluster Compute Instances » Amazon S3 RRS Notifications » AWS Java SDK » Windows BYOL » Singapore Pop » CloudFront Private Streaming » Lowered Pricing EC2 » AWS IAM » Amazon VPC Console » Micro Instances » Amazon Linux AMI » Amazon EC2 Tagging, Filtering, Idempotency, » Oracle Certified AWS » AWS PHP SDK » AWS CloudFormation » Amazon S3 Static Websites » AWS IAM Website Login » Paris Edge Location » Amazon EC2 Reserved Instances with Windows, Extra Large High Memory Instances » Amazon S3 Versioning Feature » Consolidated Billing for AWS » Lower pricing for Outbound Data Transfer » VPC in EU » Amazon RDS in US-west » Amazon CloudFront Access Logs » Amazon RDS Multi-AZ » Amazon S3 RRS » Amazon RDS Console

27. “Every day is a launch day” » On-demand Red Hat » Stockholm Edge Location » AWS Elastic Beanstalk new enhancements » New Data Transfer pricing » Free Inbound Data Transfer » Spot Integration with HPC instances » Amazon EMR in APAC » AWS Mobile SDKs » Live Streaming with CloudFront » AWS IAM GA » AWS IAM Web Console » AWS Import/Export for EBS » AWS CloudFormation new features » AWS SDK for Ruby » Attachment support for Amazon SES » AWS Startup Challenge goes global » AWS DirectConnect » Amazon VPC Everywhere » Mulit-AZ VPC » AWS IAM Identity Federation » AWS toolkit of eclipse 2.0 » AWS GovCloud US » Spot in Amazon EMR » Amazon ElastiCache » Amazon VM import Win2k3 » VM Connector » Tokyo Region » AWS Support JP » AWS IAM for CloudFront » VPC Virtual Networking » VPC Internet Access 2011 Jan 2012 Jan Jul Sep Oct Dec Aug Nov Feb Mar Apr Jun May Feb Mar » AWS CloudFormation » Amazon S3 Static Websites » AWS IAM Website Login » Paris Edge Location » Amazon Route53 » New VPC » Dedicated Instances in VPC » Windows 2008 R2 » New AZ in JP » AWS IAM GA » AWS IAM Web Console » AWS Beanstalk Tomcat 7 Support » Amazon CloudWatch Custom Metrics » Amazon CloudWatch lower pricing » AWS SAP Certification » Amazon RDS for Oracle » Amazon ELB ipv6 support, Zone Apex » Amazon ELB Security Group integration » Amazon Route53 GA, ELB integration » Amazon Route 53 Weighted RR » New pricing control for Spot » AWS CloudFormation new enhancements » AWS Mobile SDK GA » AWS Toolkit of Visual Studio » AWS DirectConnect USWest Location » AWS Elastic Beanstalk » Amazon Simple Email Service » Improved AWS Support “Bronze” » Amazon CloudWatch Console

28. AWS Regions 6 AWS Regions US East (Northern Virginia) US West (Northern California) GovCloud (US) (West Coast) Europe (Dublin) Asia Pacific (Singapore) Asia Pacific (Tokyo) 19 AWS CloudFront Locations Ashburn, VA / Dallas, TX / Jacksonville, FL / Los Angeles, CA / Miami, FL / Newark, NJ / New York, NY / Palo Alto, CA / Seattle, WA / St. Louis, MO / Amsterdam / Dublin / Frankfurt / London / Hong Kong / Paris / Stockholm / Tokyo / Singapore

29. Amazon Web Services Cloud-Powered Applications Monitoring Amazon CloudWatch Management AWS Management Console AWS Elastic Beanstalk Tools AWS Toolkits for Eclipse Java, PHP, Ruby, Python, .Net Developer Centers Network Virtual Private Cloud Route 53 AWS Direct Connect Elastic Load Balancing Parallel Processing Amazon Elastic MapReduce Content Delivery Amazon CloudFront Messaging Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS) Amazon Simple Notification Service (SNS) Amazon Simple Email Service (SES) Caching Amazon ElastiCache Compute Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) Auto Scaling Storage Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) Elastic Block Storage AWS Import/Export Database Amazon RDS Amazon SimpleDB Third-Party Offerings Identity and Access Management Metering and Billing Regions and Availability Zones

30. AWS Security Resources • AWS Security White Paper • C & A: • SAS 70 Type II • ISO 27001 • PCI DSS • FISMA Moderate • HIPAA applications • AWS GovCloud (US) • http://aws.amazon.com/security/

31. Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud • Amazon EC2: on-demand compute power • Obtain and boot new server instances in minutes • Quickly scale capacity up or down • Eleven instance types • Hourly billing • Key features: • Support for Windows, Linux, and FreeBSD • Supports all major web and application platforms • Deploy across Availability Zones for reliability

32. Amazon EC2 Pricing Options On-DemandInstances ReservedInstances SpotInstances Pay as you go for compute power Pay only for what you use, no up-front commitments or long-term contracts Unix/Linux instances start at $0.02/hour USD in the US East Region Pay a low up-front fee and receive a significant discount on the hourly pricing for that instance 1- or 3-year terms Helps ensure that compute capacity is available when it is needed Enables you to bid on unused Amazon EC2 capacity Spot Price is based on supply/demand and is determined automatically If the Spot Price is below your bid, your instances will start If the Spot Price rises above your bid, your instances will stop

33. Amazon EC2 Instance Specs All prices subject to change – Current as of April 15, 2011

34. AWS Management Console https://aws.amazon.com/console

35. Where are we going?

36. Where Are We Going (Our Newest Services) • Relational Database Service • Provision a relational database in seconds • Virtual Private Cloud • Virtualized network – routers, ACLs, IP ranges • Elastic Beanstalk • Simplified application hosting • AWS CloudFormation • Higher-level application (stack) management

37. Amazon Relational Database Service • Provision a new relational database in seconds • MySQL (5.1 and 5.5) • Oracle (11G) • Offload common administrative tasks to AWS • OS upgrades • DB upgrades and patches • Scaling CPU and storage • Backups & Restores • Use your existing code and tools • Pay only for what you use, no up-front commitments

38. RDS in Action

39. RDS in Action

40. AWS CloudFormation Stack Creation Define a JSON template of AWS Resources to provision (EC2 instances, AZ lists, AMIs, EIP, RDS, etc) Parameterization supported Use CLI, API, or Management Console to register and create an AWS stack Service automatically determines interdependencies AWS resources get created across tiers and AZs forming a CloudFormation Stack AMAZON CONFIDENTIAL

41. Amazon Virtual Private Cloud - VPC • Create an isolated set of EC2 instances in the AWS cloud • Divide your IP address range into one or more public or private subnets • Control inbound and outbound access to and from individual subnets using stateless Network Access Control Lists • Protect your Instances with stateful filters for inbound and outbound traffic using Security Groups • Bridge your VPC and your onsite IT infrastructure with an encrypted VPN connection

44. AWS Elastic Beanstalk • Simple way to deploy and manage an application • Fault tolerance • Scale • Administration • First Container Type: Java / Tomcat • Other platforms and languages to follow • Upload applications to AWS in minutes • Retain control and ability to “open the hood”

47. For More Information • AWS Web Site: http://aws.amazon.com • AWS Blog: http://aws.typepad.com • Email: jbarr@amazon.com • Twitter: @jeffbarr

48. Thank YOU!

49. Slide Credits • Crystal Ball: http://amzn.to/g06rZ8 • RS-232 Cable: http://amzn.to/gxGpnJ • IBM 1401: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IBM_1401_Control_Panel.jpg • IBM Flowcharting Template: http://www.retroist.com/2009/01/11/ibm-flowcharting-template/ • COBOL for Dummies: http://amzn.to/g3OjEb • Internet in a Box: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_in_a_Box • TRS-80: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TRS-80 • Ethernet Connector: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet • 9-Track Tape: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_track_tape • DECtape: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DECtape • C Programming Language: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kr_c_prog_lang.jpg • Innovation curve: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:DiffusionOfInnovation.png