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Progressive Era Presidents

Progressive Era Presidents. Libertyville HS. Theodore Roosevelt. “The Square Deal ” Domestic policy of TR Fair treatment of business, labor Protect consumers (food regulation, IIC vs. RRs) Trust busting The “Trust Buster” Distinguished between ‘good’ and ‘bad’ trusts

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Progressive Era Presidents

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  1. Progressive Era Presidents Libertyville HS

  2. Theodore Roosevelt • “The Square Deal” • Domestic policy of TR • Fair treatment of business, labor • Protect consumers (food regulation, IIC vs. RRs) • Trust busting • The “Trust Buster” • Distinguished between ‘good’ and ‘bad’ trusts • Dissolved 44 trusts, including National Securities Co. (RR & JP Morgan)

  3. Theodore Roosevelt • Supported organized labor (unions) • 1902 coal mine strike • Environmental support • Newlands Act (irrigation projects in West) • Forest Preserves • Consumer Protection • Meat inspection • Pure Food and Drug Act • Hepburn Act (IIC to set RR rates)

  4. Election of 1908 • TR decided not to run in 1908 • GOP nominated William Taft, TR’s friend and Sec’y of War • Dems nominated WJ Bryan • Bryan campaigned on progressive platform • GOP slogan: “Vote for Taft, now – you can vote for Bryan anytime!” Results Taft: 321 ECV / 7.6 million Bryan: 162 ECV / 6.4 million

  5. William Taft • Appellate court judge • Diplomatic envoy • Presidency • Dissolved over 90 trusts • 16th Amendment ratified (Income tax) • Tariff • GOP didn’t want to reduce it; progressives did • Taft signed reduction, to 40.8% • Managed to alienate everyone in politics

  6. Election of 1912 • Taft, TR had falling out • TR formed “Bull Moose Party” (Progressive) after losing nomination • Dems: Woodrow Wilson • Campaign • Bull Moose split GOP vote • Would Dems have won anyway? Results Wilson 435 ECV / 6.29 million Roosevelt 88 ECV / 4.12 million Taft 8 ECV / 3.48 million

  7. Woodrow Wilson • Only Democrat elected between 1892 and 1932 • President of Princeton U., governor of NJ • “Triple Wall of Privilege” • Tariff – lowered to 25% • Banks – Federal Reserve Act of 1913 • Bank could print money at government’s direction • Board (bankers plus appointees) directed system • 12 districts across US (weakened NY influence)

  8. Woodrow Wilson • Trusts • Clayton Anti-trust Act • Key anti-trust law • Sought to stop trusts at their formation • Federal Trade Commission • Enforced Clayton Act • Prevented anti-competitive acts by business • Consumer protection

  9. Woodrow Wilson • Other progressive laws • Workers Compensation • Child Labor Act • Adamson Act (8 hour day) • 18th Amendment (Prohibition) • 19th Amendment (Women’s suffrage)

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