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What is the difference between: Seal vs sea lion Seals- earless, worm like maneuver on land

What is the difference between: Seal vs sea lion Seals- earless, worm like maneuver on land Sealion- ears; waddle on land Baleen vs toothed whale Baleen- bristle feeding Toothed- teeth Dolphin vs porpoise. Porpoise Smaller & gentler than dolphins Spade shape teeth Dolphins are larger

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What is the difference between: Seal vs sea lion Seals- earless, worm like maneuver on land

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  1. What is the difference between: • Seal vs sea lion • Seals- earless, worm like maneuver on land • Sealion- ears; waddle on land • Baleen vs toothed whale • Baleen- bristle feeding • Toothed- teeth • Dolphin vs porpoise

  2. Porpoise • Smaller & gentler than dolphins • Spade shape teeth • Dolphins • are larger • Have beaks • Teeth are cone shape

  3. Introduction to marine mammals 5-83 thru 5-90

  4. Mammal Characteristics Endothermic Hair or fur 4-Chambered Heart Single Jaw Bone (Lower) Specialized Teeth

  5. 5 Groups of Marine Mammals • Pinnipeds  Seals, ea lions, walrus • Sea Otters • Polar Bears • Sirenians • Cetaceans • Toothed • Baleen

  6. 1. Pinnipeds “Fin-footed” • Eared seals, earless (true) seals, walruses • Characteristics • Sleek-bodied • Shortened, flippered limbs • Blubber & H2O- resistant fur • Whiskers • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B1tsAu4pyCU

  7. Pinnipeds

  8. 2. Sea Otters • Live in kelp forests on NW coast • Eat inverts • No blubber, just thick fur • Vulnerable to hunting & oil spills • Keystone species

  9. 3. Polar Bears • Characteristics • Dark skin, clear hair, blubber • Long snouts • Snowshoe-like feet • Feeding • Hunt mainly on sea ice for seals • Threats • Global warming (starvation) • Persistent pollutants

  10. 4. Sirenians- sea cows • 4 existing species • Dugongs & Manatees • Evolved from ancestors of elephants • Characteristics • 4m, 1200 lb herbivores • Spend day sleeping or grazing • Show learning capabilities

  11. Manatee Adaptations & Threats • Adaptations • Prehensile upper lip • Small eyes, poor vision • Paddle-shaped tail • Long intestine- herbivores • Threats • Ship strikes • Protected by ESA & Marine Mammal Protection Act

  12. 5. Whales, dolphins, and porpoises Order Cetacea (55 mya- entered sea) toothed whales baleen whales

  13. Baleen Whales (Cetaceans) Have baleen plates for filtering food Long hunted by humans for meat & oil Ex: blues, humpbacks

  14. Toothed Whales (Cetaceans) Head adapted for echolocation Ex: sperm whales, orcas, dolphins

  15. Marine Mammal Adaptations: the Diving Response • Marine mammals can stay under water for 20 min – hours • Store large amounts of oxygen in blood & muscles • Drop heart rate • Route blood away from limbs • Use fermentation when oxygen runs out

  16. Marine Mammal Adaptations: Echolocation Uses time delay on echoes to determine location, range and ID of objects

  17. Whale Migrations • Northern Right Whale • Seasonal movements time-coupled to breeding seasons • Feed in cold waters during summer months • Mate & reproduce in warm waters during winter

  18. Cetacean Issues & Protection Commercial hunting Cultural hunting Competition with fisheries Bycatch Habitat destruction Red tides

  19. Marine Mammals

  20. PBS Whale Encounters • http://www.pbs.org/wnet/nature/episodes/fellowship-of-the-whales/introduction/5263/

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