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Multi-Hazard Early Warning Systems Symposium

This symposium focuses on the global communication needs for multi-hazard data and information in support of national early warning systems. Topics include data collection, coordination, dissemination, and the challenges faced at international, regional, and national levels.

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Multi-Hazard Early Warning Systems Symposium

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  1. Symposium on Multi-Hazard Early Warning Systems for Integrated Disaster Risk Management Global Communication Needs for multi-hazard data and information atInternational and Regional levels insupport of National Early Warning Systems • Fred Branski, Team Leader for Data Management • NOAA’s National Weather Service • May 23-24, 2006

  2. Global Communication Needs • The critical issues are: • Data collection • Coordination • Dissemination • Hold this thought, we’ll come back to it.

  3. Multi-hazard Data and Information • What does it mean: • Sector specific warnings (flooding, health or seismic events) • Multi-hazard events • Earthquake followed by a tsunami • Volcanic eruption followed traveling ash cloud (aviation & health impacts) • Wide spread or prolonged flooding followed by disease outbreaks • Long term events such as drought

  4. International and Regional levels • Effective coordination can be inhibited by: • Language, cultural & political barriers • Roll for international agencies: • Coordination • Brokerage • Support • National will to cooperate for a better good

  5. Support of National Early Warning Systems • “Last Mile” • This is the component having the greatest impact on outreach to people • Building or improving international / regional systems does little good without reliable robust national systems. • And vice versa!

  6. Global Communication Needs • Data collection: • Observations – roll for GEOSS • Model output • Supporting products & guidance

  7. Global Communication Needs • Coordination: • Between nations & regions • Between agencies both intra and inter-nationally • Between currently disparate communities • Scientific disciplines such as hydrometeorology, seismology, oceanography & human & animal healt • With the Emergency Management community • With civil and political decision makers

  8. Global Communication Needs • Dissemination: International, Regional & National aspects • To decision makers • To agencies responsible for preparatory and response activities • To the public (What do I do? Not science) • 3 types of communications: • Pre-event (only for some events) • Real-time • Post event (Is the danger over? What do I do know?) • Integrated risk information • Automated alerting mechanisms: CAP - Common Alerting Protocol

  9. Key issue • i) Need for proven operational telecommunication mechanisms at international and regional levels for exchange of critical data and information in support of early warnings for multi-hazards? Issues, needs, challenges, capabilities. • GTS/WIS is a key global infrastructure • An existing competency which should be leveraged for EWS and disaster risk and impact reduction

  10. 64 Toulouse Rome Moscow 0.05 Algiers 0.05 0.05 2.4 Madrid 0.05 9.6 New Delhi Casablanca 4.8 0.1 0.05 64 2.4 NI 0.05 Tunis Western Sahara 1.2 Jeddah Tripoli Cairo 64 Canary 0.05 0.075 0.05 0.05 Offenbach 19.2 DCP 0.05 NI Nouakchott Toulouse 9.6 Khartoum 9.6 19.2 Asmara 64 34.8 Dakar Niamey 19.2 0.075 NI 19.2 Bamako via Toulouse 19.2 Banjul Djibouti 1.2 64 NI NI Ouagadougou N'djamena Bissau 1.2 via Toulouse 19.2 0.05 9.6 NI Addis Ababa Conakry 1.2 0.05 NI Bangui 19.2 Sal 1.2 4.8 19.2 Freetown Entebbe Mogadiscio Accra Cotonou Lagos 33.6 Monrovia NI Nairobi 0.05 Kigali Abidjan Lome Douala NO 1.2 via Toulouse (64) NO NI 0.05 AFTN Bujumbura Malabo Seychelles 33.6 1.2 1.2 19.2 Libreville 19.2 Dar Es Salaam Brazzaville NI 9.6 0.05 AFTN Washington NI Lusaka Lilongwe Kinshasa NI Mauritius Sao Tome Luanda NO via Exeter NI email RTH, CRT 9.6 NI 0.075 NI Harare St Denis Ascension Moroni 9.6 Windhoek Gaberone NMC, CMN DCP 64 9.6 9.6 Centre in other region 64 Maputo NI 64 St. Helena 64 64 Pretoria Antananarivo 2.4 2.4 Manzini MTN circuit, circuit RPT 19.2 Maseru 64 64 New Amsterdam Kerguelen Regional circuit 9.6 Via Internet Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Network for Region I (Africa)point-to-point circuits implementation (transmission speed in kbit/s) Interregional circuit NI Not implemented NO Not operational

  11. RTH in Region II NMC in Region II Moscow Washington 64K Centre in other region 64K MTN circuit Regional circuit Interregional circuit Additional circuit IMTN-MDCN CIR<32/768K> 19.2-33.6K (V.34) Novosibirsk Khabarovsk 19.2-33.6K (V.34) 19.2-33.6K (V.34) 19.2-33.6K (V.34) Via Moscow 9.6K NI No implementation Almaty 19.2-33.6K (V.34) Non-IP link IP link 19.2-33.6K (V.34) 19.2-33.6K (V.34) NI Bishkek 19.2-33.6K V.34 19.2-33.6K (V.34) PyongYang Tokyo Ulaanbaatar Id V.34 Ashgabad Tashkent Offenbach IMTN-MDCN Frame Relay CIR<16/16K> CMA-VSAT IMTN-MDCN Frame Relay CIR<48/48K> Id V.34 CMA-VSAT NI 75 Baghdad 75 Tehran IMTN-MDCN Frame Relay CIR<48/48K> NI Dushanbe Beijing NI IMTN-MDCN Frame Relay CIR<16/8K> NI NI Frame Relay CIR<32/32K> 2.4K NI 75 Offenbach Frame Relay CIR<16/16K> Kabul 50 Kuwait 9.6K 64K 64K NI IMTN-MDCN Frame Relay CIR<16/16K> Seoul Karachi 64K 64K Bahrain New Delhi 64K Jeddah Frame Relay CIR<16/16K> 128K 200 50 64K Doha 64K Moscow 1200 Kathmandu NI Hong Kong Internet Internet Emirates 50 CMA-VSAT ISDN 128K 64K 2.4K 100 Internet 100 50 Hanoi 64K Macao Algiers Dhaka Cairo Frame Relay CIR<16/16K> Internet Muscat Internet Internet Vientiane 9.6K Frame Relay CIR<16/16K> 50 IMTN-MDCN CIR<16/32K> Cairo Yangon Internet Sanaa Colombo 1200 50 Male 64K Melbourne 200 200 Manila Washington Bangkok Phnom Penh 75 NI Melbourne 2.4K Frame Relay CIR<16/16K> Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Network for Region II (Asia) Kuala Lumpur Singapore

  12. 2400 38.4 K Washington Bogota Internet 2400 Maracay NO 38.4 K 2400 Georgetown Internet NO Paramaribo 38.4 K Cayenne AFTN NO 64 K Quito Internet Internet Lima Brasilia 64 K La Paz Frame Relay 512 K Internet RTH 75 64 K Asuncion NMC Porto-Alegre Centre in other region 75 NO MTN circuit Montevideo 75 Regional multipoint circuit via satellite (VSAT) Internet Santiago Buenos Aires Regional circuit 50 Interregional circuit NO Not Operational Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Network for Region III (South America)point-to-point and multipoint circuits implementation (transmission speed in bit/s)

  13. 64 Mexico Nassau Bermuda San Juan St Maarten Belize Guatemala S. Domingo Tegucigalpa San Salvador Antigua Managua St Lucia RTH San Jose NMC Aruba Centre in other region Regional multipoint circuit via satellite (VSAT) 64 kb/s Rec & 4 kb/s Trans Panama Curacaos MTN circuit Georgetown Bogota EMWIN Receiver Cayenne Regional circuit AFTN circuit Interregional circuit RSMC Montreal Bracknell Tokyo 4 64 Honolulu IMTN FR 1.5M (CIR:32/768) 64 Pretoria 56 + 19.2 WMC Washington IMTN FR 256 (CIR:16/32) 64 Brasilia 64 Melbourne Buenos Aires RSMC Miami 9.6 Havana Gd Cayman Turks & Caicos Port au Prince Kingston AFTN-Met-ATC64 Tortola Anguilla Guadeloupe St Kitts Martinique Dominica Montserrat Grenada St Vincent Barbados Port of Spain Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Network for Region IV (North and Central America)point-to-point and multipoint circuits implementation (kbit/s)

  14. IMTN-MDCN FR 1.5 M CIR<32/768> Tokyo Washington Exeter FR 192 CIR<16> Bangkok 56 TCP/IP +19.2 X.25 IMTN-MDCN FR 256 CIR<32> Moscow FR 64 CIR<16> FR 64 CIR<16> Manila RSMC Honolulu FR 64 CIR<16> New Delhi IMTN-MDCN FR 256 CIR<32> 128 TCP/IP Kuala Lumpur IMTN-MDCN FR 256 CIR<64> FR 64 CIR<32> Guam Brunei AFTN+GTS 9.6 X.25 2.4 X.25 Internet ASMC Singapore Micronesia Internet AFTN+GTS 9.6 X.25 Port Moresby AFTN+GTS 9.6 X.25 Pago-Pago Internet FR 64 CIR<8/4> Apia FR 256 CIR<8> Honiara AFTN +GTS 4.8 TCP/IP NO Jakarta RSMC Nadi NO 9.6 TCP/IP FR 64 CIR<8> RSMC Darwin Papeete Port Vila RTH in Region V Internet FR 128 CIR<32> Via Toulouse FR 2M CIR<384> NMC in Region V Noumea Centre in other region 9.6 TCP/IP MTN circuit Regional circuit Interregional circuit Additional circuit E-mail gateway to: Cooks Islands Vanuatu Niue Samoa Tonga Funafuti Kiribati Melbourne/Brisbane Internet Wellington NO Not operational Non-IP link IP link FR Frame RelayCIR Committed Information Rate Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Network for Region V (South-West Pacific)point-to-point circuits implementation (transmission speed in kbit/s)

  15. New Delhi Beijing 64/8 Sondre Stormfjord NI Helsinki Oslo 64 Reykjavik Khabarovsk 64 8 16 24/8 9.6 Tallinn 7.2-28.8 32 16/8 Norrköping 64 Moscow Riga Novosibirsk 8 Copenhagen 19.2 16 16/8 64 Vilnius Dublin Tashkent 19.2 48 Beijing 32 64 Almaty Warsaw 24 De Bilt 16/8 0.1 Minsk 16/8 48 64 NI Exeter 16/64 Hanoi 64 ECMWF Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Network for Region VI (Europe)Figure 1 - point-to-point circuits implementation (transmission speed in kilobit/s) 16 Tehran Prague Washington 32 Kiev Offenbach Brussels 128/64 8/16 9.6 Bratislava 0.2 16/8 Kishenev Cairo 256/128 64 48/16 FR 256 (CIR:64) Zurich Vienna 32/96 32/8 19.2 Budapest 9.6 NI 64 64 64/8 Bucharest 64/8 9.6 NI Melbourne Tbilisi 16 16/8 Ljubljana Toulouse 9.6 8/32 Zagreb 32/64 Belgrade 9.6 16 16 Nairobi 32 Yerevan N/O Sofia 8/16 8 Skopje Lisbon Madrid Jeddah Baku NI 0.05 9.6 64 Tirana 128 NI Rome 64/8 N/O 9.6 Casablanca N/O N/O Ankara 0.05 8 Athens 0.1 Larnaca RTH 0.05 2.4 8 Dakar 64 0.05 2.4 NI NMC Algiers 16 Beirut Malta Tripoli Tunis Nairobi Damascus Centre in other region Bet Dagan 64 16/8 NI MTN circuit RMDCN Committed Information Rate Amman * The RMDCN circuit Helsinki - Tallinn is not yet in the RTMN plan, but replaces the former GTS connection of Tallinn Regional circuit Interregional circuit

  16. The Improved Main Telecommunication Network Network I Tokyo Beijing Washington Melbourne Sofia Moscow New Delhi Prague Brasilia Exeter Buenos Aires Jeddah Offenbach Network II Nairobi Toulouse Cairo Managed data communication network Point-to-point services Dakar Algiers

  17. GTS Network World Weather Watch Global Telecommunication System (GTS)

  18. Current GTS WWW GTS Regional/Specialized Meteorological Centres Meteorological and R&D Satellite Operator Centres World Meteorological Centres National MeteorologicalCentres National, Regional, Specialized, and World Meteorological Centres Meteorological Satellite Operator Centres

  19. WIS DCPC NMC NMC NMC/ DPCP Managed, Regional and Internet NMC NMC/DCPC Communication Networks NMC GISC NMC GISC GISC NMC DCPC DCPC GISC GISC Satellite Dissemination NMC NMC SatelliteTwo-Way System NMC NMC On-demand “pull” Information exchange – common procedures; real-time and non-real time Information management – a few standard data formats; coordinated metadata and catalogues International Organizations (IAEA, CTBTO, UNEP, FAO.. ) World Radiation Centre Regional Instrument Centres 5 GAW World Data Centres GCOS Data Centres Global Run-off Data Centre IRI and other climate research institutes Universities Regional Climate Centres Commercial Service Providers WMO World Data Centres internet Real-time “push”

  20. WIS brings new features and opportunities • Common information exchange standards, functions and services for all WMO programmes • Inter-disciplinarydiscovery, retrieval and exchange of information in real and non-real time • On-line catalogues using metadata based on ISO 19100 (geographic information standard) • Industry standards and off-the-shelf hardware and software systems to ensure cost-effectiveness and inter-operability Interoperability of Information Systems

  21. GTS / WIS What does it offer? • Top down, Bottom up? • Within the GTS we work from the middle out. • We provide the infrastructure & basis to enable all the combined activities we support to be effective! • The GTS/WIS can provide the middleware of an effective, sustained, reliable multi-hazard EWS as part of an integrated disaster risk management / reduction strategy!

  22. GTS / WIS What does it offer? • Data availability is a critical need both for local data getting “out” and “outside” data getting in! • These programs we are discussing simply will not be effective or sustainable without sound infrastructure – middleware! • The GTS/WIS today reaches out to and supports 187 countries and numerous organizations!

  23. Key issue • iii) Challenges of developed and developing countries, related to resource requirements for development of warning communication and dissemination capabilities? • Don’t forget legacy technologies. • Low tech is often affordable tech as well as maintainable tech and often already exists. • Utilize existing capabilities while growing new ones. • Identify existing core capabilities and build to create sustainable EWS

  24. Remember! The payback is 5 times in post disaster response costs. The systems will pay for themselves. More importantly we will save lives and property and reduce suffering. • For every: • 1 Euro 1 Ringitt • 1 Dollar 1 Rupee • 1 Yen 1 Bhat • 1 Franc 1 Rand • 1 Ruple 1 Dinar Spent on pre-disaster preparedness

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