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West Africa Network for Capacity Building in Integrated Water Resources Management. ENABLING ENVIRONMENT AND INSTITUTIONS. Regional Training of Trainers Workshop National Water Resources Institute, Kaduna, Nigeria 6 – 10 December 2004. J. Goldface-Irokalibe Faculty of Law,
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West Africa Network for Capacity Building in Integrated Water Resources Management ENABLING ENVIRONMENT AND INSTITUTIONS Regional Training of Trainers Workshop National Water Resources Institute, Kaduna, Nigeria 6 – 10 December 2004 J. Goldface-Irokalibe Faculty of Law, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION • IWRM Principles: Dublin/Rio • Enabling Environment: Analytical Framework • Appropriate Institutional Roles • Management Instruments • Institutions • IWRM: Caution S07- Enabling Environment & Institutions J. Goldface-Irokalibe, 7 Dec. 2004
IWRM PRINCIPLES: DUBLIN/RIO The “ecological principle” • Finite and vulnerable resource….. • Holistic approach • Human and natural systems…. S07- Enabling Environment & Institutions J. Goldface-Irokalibe, 7 Dec. 2004
IWRM PRINCIPLES The “Institutional” Principle • Management at the lowest appropriate level--- • Participation by all--- • Women and vulnerable sections--- S07- Enabling Environment & Institutions J. Goldface-Irokalibe, 7 Dec. 2004
IWRM PRINCIPLES The “Socio-economic” Principle • Social and economic aspects of water services---- • Needs of all users in a sustainable manner--- S07- Enabling Environment & Institutions J. Goldface-Irokalibe, 7 Dec. 2004
IMPICATIONS • Mechanisms and processes of “coordination” within water and with management of “related resources” • Welfare of all • Concern for equity • Attention to demand management, environmental needs and sustainability critical S07- Enabling Environment & Institutions J. Goldface-Irokalibe, 7 Dec. 2004
ENABLING ENVIRONMENT:ANALYSIS OF FRAMEWORK Ecosystem Sustainability Enabling Environment Institutional Roles Management Instruments Assessment Information Allocation tools Central-Local Public-Private River Basin Policies Legislation Economic Efficiency Social Equity All these depends on political will and popular awareness S07- Enabling Environment & Institutions J. Goldface-Irokalibe, 7 Dec. 2004
ENABLING ENVIRONMENT • The INSTITUTIONAL ROLES and functions define the players who make use of the MANAGEMENT INSTRUMENTS • The ENABLING ENVIRONMENT sets the rules S07- Enabling Environment & Institutions J. Goldface-Irokalibe, 7 Dec. 2004
ENABLING ENVIRONMENT GOVERNMENTS: • Formulate national water policies • Enact water resources legislation • Ensure separation of regulating and service provision functions • Encourage and regulate the private sector • Encourage dialogue with neighboring countries S07- Enabling Environment & Institutions J. Goldface-Irokalibe, 7 Dec. 2004
APPROPRIATE INSTITUTIONAL ROLES • First of all organizations and agencies at all levels and across sectors are participating and talking to each other HOW? • by anchoring the coordination at the highest apex level • by creating coordination bodies at the river basin level • by devolving responsibility to the lowest appropriate level • by developing human and institutional capacity S07- Enabling Environment & Institutions J. Goldface-Irokalibe, 7 Dec. 2004
MANAGEMENT INSTRUMENTS • Water Resources Assessment • Data collection networks and assessment techniques • Environmental impact assessment (EIA) techniques • Risk management tools, e.g for floods and droughts • Communication And Information • Raise awareness - a”water movement” • Informed stakeholder participation S07- Enabling Environment & Institutions J. Goldface-Irokalibe, 7 Dec. 2004
MANAGEMENT INSTRUMENTS Allocation and Conflict Resolution • Allocation through market instruments • Allocation based on the valuation of costs and benefits • Tools for conflict resolution: • upstream versus downstream, • section versus section, • human versus nature. S07- Enabling Environment & Institutions J. Goldface-Irokalibe, 7 Dec. 2004
MANAGEMENT INSTRUMENTS Regulatory Instruments: • Direct controls • regulations, rights, standards, • land use plans, utility regulations, etc. • Economic instruments • prices, tariffs, fees, charges, markets, • subsidies, incentives, taxes, etc. • 3 basic principles • User – pays principle • Polluter pays principle • Subsidize the good, tax the bad! S07- Enabling Environment & Institutions J. Goldface-Irokalibe, 7 Dec. 2004
INSTITUTIONS • Constitutional Arrangement • Federal • States • Local Governments • Categories S07- Enabling Environment & Institutions J. Goldface-Irokalibe, 7 Dec. 2004
CATEGORIES • Governmental Organizations • Private Sector Organizations • International Organizations • Non Governmental Organizations • Basin Entities • CBOs • Households • Regulation • Financing • Information and Management • Capacity building • Water rights • Water planning and allocation • Water Management S07- Enabling Environment & Institutions J. Goldface-Irokalibe, 7 Dec. 2004
STRUCTURE • Usually defined for public sector---- • Weak private sector at all levels: • Federal; State; Local. • Complexity increases at transnational level----- but IWRM applies S07- Enabling Environment & Institutions J. Goldface-Irokalibe, 7 Dec. 2004
RBDAs:MANAGEMENT AND BOUNDARIES • Strong federal control • Basin Authority boundaries politically determined---- not hydrological boundaries • Basins shared with other nations---- (problems of international transboundary waters) S07- Enabling Environment & Institutions J. Goldface-Irokalibe, 7 Dec. 2004
INSTITUTIONS • Inter-agency mechanisms ensure coordination and consultation • Reconcile pursuit of different water agenda • Government – civil society mechanisms boundary problems S07- Enabling Environment & Institutions J. Goldface-Irokalibe, 7 Dec. 2004
PARTICIPATORY PROCESS • Engagement among stakeholders • Consultations and negotiations • Inter-sectoral coordination • Review and evaluation • Empower people to participate in sustainable water management S07- Enabling Environment & Institutions J. Goldface-Irokalibe, 7 Dec. 2004
IWRM: CAUTION • Best water management strategies • Best institutional arrangements • Best enabling environment Will be meaningless if those charged with their administration and enforcement are deficient in their roles S07- Enabling Environment & Institutions J. Goldface-Irokalibe, 7 Dec. 2004
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING AND SEASON’S GREETINGS S07- Enabling Environment & Institutions J. Goldface-Irokalibe, 7 Dec. 2004