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Meteorology and the Bronze C

Meteorology and the Bronze C. Kent Gliding Club. The Atmosphere. 1. 21. 78. + water (vapour or liquid). The Atmosphere. 1kg / cm 2 14.7 lbs / in 2 1 bar = 1,000 mb ICAO Standard Atmosphere: 1013.2 mb 15 °C. 200 miles (1m feet). 1 mb per 30’ to 5,000’. 30,000 ft.

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Meteorology and the Bronze C

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  1. Meteorology and the Bronze C Kent Gliding Club

  2. The Atmosphere 1 21 78 + water (vapour or liquid)

  3. The Atmosphere • 1kg / cm2 • 14.7 lbs / in2 • 1 bar = 1,000 mb • ICAO Standard Atmosphere: 1013.2 mb 15°C 200 miles (1m feet) 1 mb per 30’ to 5,000’ 30,000 ft 5,000 ft Not to scale

  4. Pressure H L High Low

  5. Pressure H L High ISOBARS: Lines of equal pressure Low Depression Anticyclone

  6. Gradient wind

  7. Coriolis Force H L

  8. Buys-Ballot’s Law LOW Northern Hemisphere

  9. LEVEL: ALTITUDE: HEIGHT: In hundreds of feet above1013.2mb Position varies, setting constant Terminology In feet above mean sea level Position constant, setting (QNH) varies In feet above local ground level Position varies, setting (QFE) varies

  10. Worked examples FL 55QFE Challock = 983mb (600’amsl) 4,600’ A 983mb 5,200’ 5,500’ 600’ 300’ 1013mb FL 55QNH = 1030mb 5,410’ 5,500’ B 1013mb 510’ 600’ 1030mb

  11. Transfer of energy Colder Air ENERGY Warmer

  12. Transfer of heat • Radiation • Conduction • Convection HOT COLD

  13. EQUATOR Heating the planet

  14. Fronts L WARM FRONT COLD FRONT WARM SECTOR

  15. Active Warm Front L

  16. Active warm front 600 Nm

  17. Active Cold Front L

  18. Active Cold Front 50 Nm

  19. Thunderstorms Hail & Rain

  20. Frontal wave L

  21. Frontal wave L

  22. Frontal wave L

  23. Frontal wave L

  24. Sea breeze LIGHT SURFACE WIND Challock WARM AIR 22°C COLD SEA AIR 16°C Ringmer

  25. Temperature and height 5,000’ Lapse Rate 30°C 0

  26. Temperature and height 5,000’ Lapse Rate Inversion 30°C 0

  27. Temperature and height 5,000’ Environmental Lapse Rate 30°C 0

  28. Adiabatic compression

  29. Temperature and height SALR 1.5°C / 1,000’ 5,000’ Freezing level 0°C @ 10,000’ 4,000’ 3,000’ 2,000’ DALR 3°C / 1,000’ 1,000’ Dewpoint 11°C 0 5°C 10°C 15°C 20°C

  30. Calculation of cloudbase Ground temperature = 26°C Dewpoint = 17°C DALR = 3°C per 1,000’ So, cloudbase is 26 – 17 x 1,000’ 3 = 9,000 = 3,000’ 3

  31. DAY NIGHT Sun: 6,000°C Clear sky: minus 200°C 10°C - 5°C

  32. Orographic cloud

  33. Lee wave Strongest wind Lenticulars UP WIND TILT Cloud cap ROTOR Temp

  34. Wind gradient Windspeed 30 Airspeed 28 55 25 20 50 15 10 5 45

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