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The Nile delta

The Nile delta. Index. General characteristics of the Nile Delta Primary & regional impacts Adaptation strategies. General characteristics of the Nile Delta. Fertile soil One of the largest river deltas 240km width coastline > 30 million inhabitants

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The Nile delta

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  1. The Nile delta

  2. Index • General characteristics of the Nile Delta • Primary & regional impacts • Adaptation strategies

  3. General characteristics of the Nile Delta • Fertilesoil • One of the largestriverdeltas • 240km widthcoastline • > 30 millioninhabitants • Area sizeabout 25,000 km² • ~50% of the area is agriculture

  4. Maincities Nile delta has about 29 millioninhabitantswhich do only live in small towns

  5. Primary & regional impacts • Raisingsea level • Salinizedgroundwater • Intensive rainfall • Floods & mudslides • Drought • Clean water • Temperaturerise

  6. Raisingsea-level • A rice of 1m results in about 15% lost lands • Northernurbanareaswill feel the effect of sea level riseby 2020 • Groundwaterwill get salinized

  7. Intensive rainfall • Most of the time there is no rainfall • More floods & mudslides

  8. Drought • No clean water • More periods of famine

  9. Temperaturerise • More floodings • Probably leads to more instensiverainfall • Creates more droughtperiods • Water quality drops Weak spots in the coastal area

  10. Adaptation strategies • Floodprotectionwall • Research institutes • National strategystudy on adaptation • Coastalprotectionconstructions • Natural sandanddune systems

  11. Floodprotectionwall • E.g. Mohammed Ali Wall • Protects low lands of the Abu-Quir Bay • Constructionslikegroins, jetties, concrete blocks and breakwaters

  12. Research institutes • Coastal research institutionestablished in 1972(CoRI) • Tasktocarry out studies for the costal zones in Egypt • Main mission is research andinvestigateforactivitiestoprotectanddevelop the costal zones of Egypt • CoRIalreadycarried more than 20 studies since 1972

  13. National strategystudy on adaptation • Study is thought by the Egyptian ministery of Environmental Affairs • The study means: try to adapt the most water-dangerous regions • Project is based on threelayer • Occupation • Network • Base

  14. Coastalprotectionconstructions • A plan toensure & adapt the safety of the land • Plan contains projects for building dams or man-made dunes • Requireddue the threat of the sea

  15. Natural sanddune systems • Ecological type of measure • Land behind the duneswill get floodedwhendamageoccurs • Keeping the dunesstablebyusingmarramgrass

  16. Summary • Nowyouknow: • what the generalcharacteristics of the Nile Delta are • The primary & regional impacts are • What the adaptationstrategies are

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