Ch 13-4 The Soviet Union Under Stalin

1. Ch 13-4The Soviet Union Under Stalin • You will need your • Notebook • Pen • Highlighter • 13-4 Yesterdays Handout • Test Thursday!

2. Ch13-4The Soviet Union Under Stalin • California State Standard • 10.7.2 • Trace Stalin’s rise to power in the Soviet Union and the connection to human rights violations Objective • Students will analyze how Joseph Stalin gained and kept power in the USSR. • Analyze: Examine in detail to find meaning.

3. Nicolas II Rasputin Lenin Trotsky Stalin Dictator EXILED

4. Ch 13-4The Soviet Union Under Stalin Vocabulary • Totalitarian state: • Government that controls every aspect of the lives of its citizens • Command economy • Government officials make all economic decisions. • Collectives • Large farms owned and operated by peasants as a group • Kulaks • Wealthy farmers • Stalin took their land and sent them to labor camps, where thousands were killed.

5. Gulag (goo-log) • Brutal Labor camps, where people who disagreed with Stalin were sent to die. • Atheism • To believe that there is no God • Social Realism • Type of art where Soviet life is shown in a positive way. • Even though life was not positive for most people

6. Purge • To remove undesirable people, often by violent means. • Comintern • International communist group created to encourage world-wide revolutions • Russification • Forcing all Russians to be more Russian • Language, religion, culture, tradition, clothing

7. Totalitarian StateGovernment that controls every aspect of the lives of its citizens • Stalin’s Five Year Plans: • Goal: was to improve • Industry, transportation, and increase farm output • Result: • Stalin wanted to Control every aspect of the state • How? • He put all economic activity under government control • Government owned all businesses • Command Economy

8. Command Economy • Goal • Government makes all economic decisions • Government controls economy • It was good for the country, but not good for the people. • Results • Workers were overworked and only a few succeeded. • The products they built were low quality • Shortages and surpluses in locations they were not needed • Because were overworked so hard to make as many as they could. • It was all about quantity not quality

9. Collectives • Agriculture • Goalwas to produce more grain to feed city workers. • Result: • How? • Stalin removed peasants from their farms • Small farms inefficient and threatened state power • Forced them to work on collectives • Large farms owned and operated by peasants • Major Problem • Peasants did not want to give up their land. • Started to grow only enough for themselves • Stalin stepped in and took all of their crops • Terror Famine • Over 5 million died of starvation

10. Collective Farming

11. Collective Farming

12. Studied at a seminary to become A priest Joseph Stalin “The Man of Steel” Before the Russian Revolution, he robbed banks to help fund The communist party Forces peasants on to collectives which causes the deaths of over 25 million peasants Kills or purges his enemies so he can stay in power. Kills or purges his friends, so he can stay in power.

13. Stop

14. Vocabulary Pop Quiz • What is a Gulag? • A Russian candy bar • A Russian city in Siberia • A brutal Russian labor camp • A Russian farm collectively owned and operated by peasants

15. Forcing Russians to be more Russian is called… • Sovietization • Russification • Stalinization • Communization

16. If a person does not believe in God, they are a… • Anarchist • Stalinist • Archeologist • Atheist

17. What type of government controls every aspect of their peoples lives? • Republic • Totalitarian • Oligarchy • Democracy

18. What is a kulak? • A brutal Russian labor camp • A alcoholic Russian • A wealthy farmer or landowner • A peasant

19. Vocabulary assessment • To remove someone by violent means if necessary is also known as • Totalitarian • Purge • Kulak • propaganda Extra Credit • Who was one of the first to be purged by Stalin?

20. Stalin’s Terror Tactics GOAL: • Stalin used terror to control his people Results • Spies opened letters and planted bugs • No free press • Anything printed had to be approved by the govt. • Critics were sent to Gulags • Brutal Labor camps by Mrs. Rodriguez

21. Gulag In Russia 1923-1961

22. Gulag

23. Gulag

25. The Great Purge • Even though Stalin was in complete control he still feared that he would lose power. • 1934, The Great Purge • GOAL • His secret police rounded up and killed or removed anyone he thought was a threat. • Stalin stayed up late at night playing the X-box…NOT! • He stayed up late at night to make list of people to kill! When he ran out of names he wrote 100 more, anyone will do! • Many people were tortured and forced to confess to crimes they did not commit and were killed within minutes of their conviction. • Over 4 million people died because of Stalin’s purges.

26. Great Purge Results • Positive Effects • Stalin gained more power • Negative Effects • USSR lost its most talented people • Stalin killed intelligent military officers • Also killed successful politicians, priests, writers, philosophers, economists,

27. Stalin’s Attempt to Control Thought • How did Stalin work to control the hearts and minds of the people, besides using terror and other mehtods? • Propaganda • Spreading of his ideas in a positive way and all others in a negative

28. How did Stalin make his people believe in him? • Atheism(to NOT believe in God) • The people should put Stalin and communism before God. • Russification • Russian was made the official language • Propaganda • in school, children learned about communism and Stalin • Speakers were placed in factories and villages • Movie theaters showed how Stalin and communism was a success and that capitalism was evil • Billboards and posters urged workers to work harder for Stalin and their country. • Newspapers wrote about foreign attempts to overthrow communism. • Everywhere you looked, you see Red or a picture of Stalin • Socialist Realism: • Artist and writers were forced to show Soviet life in a positive way.

37. Soviet Society Under Stalin • Communism was supposed to create a society of equals • Instead • People in the Communist Party were wealthy and powerful. • Everyone else was poor

38. Benefits of Communism • Education was free for all children. • In school they learned about communism, atheism, and love for the “man of steel” Stalin • Women were equal under the law • Free Medicare • Free Daycare • Inexpensive housing • Negatives • Not enough housing or food for everyone

39. Soviet Foreign Policy • The Comintern tried to spread Communism around the world • Caused the United States to become an immediate enemy Communists (USSR) vs Capitalists (USA)

40. We will have a test Thursday on Stalin, Communism, and the USSR!!!

41. Extra Credit! • Pick one of the steps that kept Stalin in power • Draw a poster that represents propaganda for that step • Must be on Poster Board! (20pts)

43. Stop

44. 2 Soviet Union, 1917–1938

45. Soviet Union, 1917-1938