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AP JOURNAL 2018-2019

AP JOURNAL 2018-2019. UNDERSTANDING STYLE. STYLE RULE #1. Specific Language. The Rule: Always favor specific language when possible Bad: pants Good: Levi’s 501 Jeans Bad: house Good: nineteenth-century log cabin Bad: car Good: a green hatchback with a missing window

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AP JOURNAL 2018-2019

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  1. AP JOURNAL 2018-2019 UNDERSTANDING STYLE

  2. STYLE RULE #1. Specific Language The Rule: Always favor specific language when possible Bad: pants Good: Levi’s 501 Jeans Bad: house Good: nineteenth-century log cabin Bad: car Good: a green hatchback with a missing window Prompt: Write about your expectations for this school year. How will it be different or similar to last year? Use specific language.

  3. STYLE RULE #2. Active Voice Avoid these passive verbs: is, am, are, was, were, been, being, be All other verbs are active verbs/active voice Prompt: Should plastic straws be outlawed? Write about it without using any passive verbs.

  4. STYLE RULE #3. Strongest Word Last Strong writers create sentences in which the strongest word appears last. Bad: I received a snowmobile for my birthday. Good: For my birthday, I received a snowmobile. Prompt: Should members of congress have term limits?

  5. STYLE RULE #4. No Adverbs Allowed BAD: The injury was very painful. GOOD: The injury was excruciating. Also avoid: extremely, completely, totally—any LY-ending word Prompt: should teachers be armed?

  6. STYLE RULE #5. Positive Voice BAD: It would not be good to skip studying. GOOD: Studying is important. Avoiding words like “not” and “never” can improve your writing. Prompt: Should we switch to the metric system?

  7. STYLE RULE #6. Long Sentence, Short Sentence EXAMPLE: We searched below the bench, along the river and between the white trees with black spots. We found nothing. Prompt: should San Diego have a New York-style subway?

  8. STYLE RULE #7. Interjections “Telephones—are they an important part of life anymore? “We need to begin to eat vegetables—at least one a day—if we’re going to improve our heath. “ “Below the sink we found it—a wrench. “ Prompt: is it healthy for teenagers to watch cable news?

  9. STYLE RULE #8. Parallelism “Edwin had a gift for each cousin--for Betty, a stuffed bear, for Edwin, a yo-yo, for Susan, a box of matches.” “He loves skiing down strange mountains, fishing in unusual lakes, and hiking up bizarre trails.” “At my family reunion, you will find my cousins arguing, my grandparents dancing and my parents cooking.” Prompt: should the smoking age be raised to 21?

  10. STYLE RULE #9. Comma of Omission ORIGINAL: “People tried different ways of getting on his good side. Steven used gifts; Sheila used flattery.” COMMA OF OMISSION: “People tried different ways of getting on his good side. Steven used gifts; Sheila, flattery.” ORIGINAL: “The twins were very unalike. George was tall; Gordon was short.” COMMA OF OMISSION: “The twins were very unalike. George was tall; Gordon, short.” Prompt: should students with bad grades be allowed to play sports?

  11. STYLE RULE #10. Omit Needless Words BAD • “The reason why is that” • “In a angry way” • “His cousin, who is a celebrated doctor, arrived…” Prompt: should birth control pills require a prescription? Use sentences with seven words or fewer. GOOD • “because” • “angrily” • “His cousin, a celebrated doctor, arrived”

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