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By Michael N Mambo (Ph.D.) Ministry of Higher Education and Technology Zimbabwe

FINANCING CONCEPTS, STRUCTURES AND SYSTEMS FOR TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING IN ZIMBABWE. By Michael N Mambo (Ph.D.) Ministry of Higher Education and Technology Zimbabwe. COUNTRY CONTEXTUAL ANALYSIS. Pre Independence Era National Manpower Survey Development in the Economy

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By Michael N Mambo (Ph.D.) Ministry of Higher Education and Technology Zimbabwe

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  1. FINANCING CONCEPTS, STRUCTURES AND SYSTEMS FOR TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING IN ZIMBABWE By Michael N Mambo (Ph.D.) Ministry of Higher Education and Technology Zimbabwe

  2. COUNTRY CONTEXTUAL ANALYSIS • Pre Independence Era • National Manpower Survey • Development in the Economy • The School System and the unemployment Problems • Increased Demand for Tertiary Education and Training

  3. POLICIES AND LEGISLATION OF TVET • Government Budget and Relevant Statutory Instruments • The Zimbabwe Manpower Development Fund • Students Loans • Participation of Local Authorities • College Services

  4. FINANCING TVET PROGRAMMES • Polytechnics and Technical Colleges • Vocational Training Centres • In-house Training Programmes • Technical High Schools • Apprenticeship Programme • Trade Testing • Other Training Institutions

  5. POLYTECHNICS AND TECHNICAL COLLEGES • Objectives of Training • Labour Market • Sources of Finance • Government • ZIMDEF • Local Authorities • Fees • Productive Activities • Donors

  6. Comparison of Allocation and Fees Paid by Students: 1998

  7. VOCATIONAL TRAINING CENTRES • Objectives of Training • Labour Market • Sources of Finance • Government • ZIMDEF • Local Authorities • Fees • Productive Activities • Donors

  8. IN-HOUSE TRAINING PROGRAMMES • Objectives of Training • Labour Market • Sources of Finance • Government • ZIMDEF • Fees • Productive Activities • Donors

  9. TECHNICAL HIGH SCHOOLS • Objectives of Training • Labour Market • Sources of Finance • Government • ZIMDEF • Fees • Productive Activities • Donors

  10. APPRENTICESHIPPROGRAMME • Objectives of Training • Labour Market • Sources of Finance • Government • ZIMDEF • Fees • Productive Activities • Donors

  11. TRADE TESTING PROGRAMME • Objectives of Training • Labour Market • Sources of Finance • Government • ZIMDEF • Fees • Productive Activities • Donors

  12. OTHER TRAINING INSTITUTIONS • Private Entrepreneurial Institutions • Community Based Institutions • Church/NGO Supported Training Institutions

  13. PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH FINANCING SYSTEM • Competing Interests on the Fiscus • State of the Economy • Socio-economic status of Recipients • The Levy System • Lack of Appreciation of Manpower Development • Policy on Loans for Human Resource Development • Donor Fatigue

  14. RECOMMENDATIONS • Partnerships • User Fees and Cost Recovery • Commercial Activities • Efficient and Cost effective Use Resources • Students Loans • ZIMDEF • Grants to Non-Government Institutions

  15. RECOMMENDATIONS • Improve Revenue Collection • Donor Coordination

  16. CONCLUSION • There has been a tremendous investment in education and training in Zimbabwe since independence • Donors have also played a significant role in financing TVET • In spite of these efforts Zimbabwe still faces a serious shortage of skills for a variety of reasons • More innovative ways of financing still needed to address the rising unemployment

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