College of the Canyons Biology 107 Practice Lab Final

1. College of the CanyonsBiology 107 Practice Lab Final Updated 2011 Press F5 to switch to Slide Show Click your mouse or hit space bar to proceed to next slide

2. Metric Practice

3. Metric System Help Sheet

4. The metric system is a base 10 system, that is you can change between units by multiplying and dividing by powers of ten. For example: 1 km = 1000 m = 103 m 1 mg = g = 0.000001 g = 10-6 g 1 L = 100 cL = 102cL

5. Sample Metric Conversion Problems 1 dg = ____ g 0.1 6 m = ____ mm 6000 4 mL = ____ cL 0.4 7 g = ____ kg 0.007 4 nm = ____ mm 0.000004 3 g = ________ mg 3,000,000

6. Looking at Life

7. Name the parts of the microscope Ocular Lens Objective Lens Coarse adjustment knob Condenser Fine adjustment knob Condenser knob

8. Bone Name this tissue 100X

9. Name this tissue Ranunculus Root Close up Complete cross section

10. Which of these objectives will have the largest working distance? The 4X objective (shortest)

11. What is the total magnification when this microscope is set as shown? 4 (objective) x 10 (ocular) = 40X

12. Biological Molecules

13. What molecule is detected by the Iodine Test? Detects Starch Which tube is positive for the Iodine test? A B Tube A

14. What molecule is detected by the Biuret Test? Detects Protein Which tube is positive for the Biruet test? Tube A

15. What does the Benedict’s test detect? Detects Reducing Sugar Which of the tubes below is a strong positive for the Benedict’s test? Tube C A B C

16. What does the Sudan test detect? Detects lipids Which spot is positive for the Sudan test? Spot B Spot A Spot B

17. Enzymes in Action

18. On the diagram below, identify: the enzyme activesite substrate Substrate Activesite Enzyme

19. Complete the following Fermentation Reaction Sugar + enzymes CO2 + Ethanol+ ATP+ heat

20. Yeast Fermentation Name the glassware FermentationTubes(or J Tubes) What are the air bubbles made up of? Carbon Dioxide (C02) Lactose Fructose

21. In the enzyme lab, which enzyme was tested for its ability to cleave sucrose? Enzyme = Sucrase (or Invertase) Which biochemical test was used to determine if this enzyme was working? Test = Benedict’s

22. Below are example results where enzyme samples were mixed with different pH buffers. According to these results, which buffer is optimal for the enzyme? pH 2 (red = most activity) pH 2 pH 4 pH 6 pH 8

23. Diffusion/OsmosisandProbing the Cell

24. Name these instruments Centrifuges

25. Which organelles are found in the supernatant and colored pellet layers of a centrifuged pea solution? supernatant mitochondria chloroplasts green layer of pellet beige layer of pellet nuclei white layer of pellet starchgrains

26. Which test tube shows the presence of mitochondria? A B C TubeB

27. Which substance entered the bag by diffusion? Iodine What did the iodine react with inside the bag? Starch

28. Photosynthesis

29. Spectroscope Name the instrument

30. What gas is released by this Elodea plant as it performs photosynthesis? Oxygen What solution acts as the carbon dioxide source for this Elodea plant? Sodiumbicarbonate

31. What is the function of the copper sulfate solution (blue) in the photosynthesis setup shown below? Filters out heat from light bulb

32. What is this experimental setup used for? Paper Chromatography What solvent was used? acetone

33. How is the Ratio of Fronts (RF value) calculated for pigments separated by paper chromatography? x (distance of pigment) y (distance of solvent) Rf = y= = x

34. Spectrophotometer Name the instrument What does it measure? Absorbanceand Transmittanceof light

35. The absorption spectrum for chlorophyll is shown below. According to this chart, what colors of light are absorbed by green plants? Predominantly blue/violet and red

36. DNA Extraction Lab From Fruit Fly & Onion

37. Identify this organism and the tissue that you dissected from it. Fruit fly (Drosophila) larvae Salivary glands

38. What is this structure? Drosophila polytene chromosome

39. What reagent was added to the onion DNA tube to make the DNA precipitate (turn solid) ? Cold 95% Ethanol

40. Micropipetting/Electrophoresis

41. What is the substance that gels are made of? Agarose

42. The gel below shows DNA cut by the restriction enzyme EcoRI. How many times did EcoRI cut the DNA sample in Lane 2? wells Lane 2 = 0 cuts In Lane 4? Lane 4 = 3 cuts

43. Electrophoresis Setup Name each piece of equipment: Power unit Gelbox

44. What is the name of this instrument? micropipette

45. If this is a p200 micropipette, what volume is it set to? 50 microliters (ul)

46. Bacterial Transformation and Protein Purification Lab

47. What is the function of the three genes found on the pGLO plasmid? resistance to ampicillin (selection marker) AmpR = activates GFP. Activated by arabinose AraC: GFP: green fluorescent protein

48. What two treatments are needed to get bacteria to absorb plasmid DNA (aka transformation)? • Incubate in cold CaCl2 Heat shock at 420C

49. What is the transformation efficiency for the P+ plate shown below if 2 ug of DNA were used in the transformation experiment? TE = 37 colonies 2ug DNA

50. What is the name for this column? Hydrophobic interaction column What type of light makes these colonies “glow”? Ultraviolet GFP, green fluorescent protein What is the name of this protein?