ES in practice at a farm level: Investing in natural capital to build ecological infrastructure

1. 9 August 2011 ES in practice at a farm level: Investing in natural capital to build ecological infrastructure Steve Wratten, FRSNZ Bio-Protection Research Centre Lincoln University

2. UN Report, March 2011 ‘Eco-farming can double food production in 10 years’.

3. Where is NZ in terms of an agro-ecological approach?

4. Even as a single hair casts a shadow does a weed steal profit from the harvest

5. ‘I am a photosynthesis manager and an ecosystem-service provider’. Peter Edlin, Swedish farmer

6. Returning the right kind of diversity

9. Light brown apple moth Epiphyas damage Economic threshold Proportion of bunchesinfestedwith leafrollers. Economic threshold for leafrollers shown

10. Variable costs ↓ $250/ha/year

13. Harvest 2005/2006 average, Marlborough Economic threshold

14. Variable costs ↓ $750/ha/year

15. Host population reduced • e.g., hoverflies reduce aphid population when Phacelia planted next to wheat Hickman & Wratten 1996

16. But who cares about ES and who pays for it (PES)?

17. The landowner? • Variable costs ↓ • Marketing / sales ↑ • Concepts of sustainabilitye.g. kaitiakitanga

18. The discriminating market?

20. “…One day, and I believe that day is not too far away, the market will sayno residues. No residues!”Stuart SmithChair, New Zealand Winegrowers New Zealand Winegrower Magazine, October 2007

21. The punter?: agro-ecotourism?Greening Waipara

22. Before September 2005 Number of plants planted to date 00000 0 2.5km

23. September 2005 Muddy Water Cass View Mt Cass The Mud House Number of plants planted to date 00350 00625 00975 01225 0 2.5km

24. May 2006 Omihi Creek Cassis MacKenzie Farm Ball Estate Fancrest Estate Daniel Schuster Wines Waipara Springs Greystone Williams Hill Vineyard Cabal Properties Muddy Water Torlesse Wines Waipara School Railway Station Cass View Mt Cass Dickson Vineyard Terrace Edge The Mud House Waiata Estate Number of plants planted to date 11175 10875 10625 10075 09725 09300 08950 08675 11675 03125 02775 02375 01925 03375 0 2.5km

25. April 2007 Omihi Creek Cassis MacKenzie Farm Ball Estate Ben and Viv Kepes Fancrest Estate Frog Rock Dancing Water Daniel Schuster Wines Waipara River Estate Waipara Springs Greystone Three Sisters Mountford The Old Vicarage Williams Hill Vineyard Cabal Properties Weka River Vineyard Dallington Downs Muddy Water McKenzie Vineyard Torlesse Wines Brent Knight Waipara Downs Waipara School Railway Station Cass View Mt Cass Dickson Vineyard The Mound Terrace Edge Dunstaffnage The Mud House Camshorn Waiata Estate Pegasus Bay Number of plants planted to date 15695 13175 13400 13650 13925 14520 14820 15145 15445 0 2.5km

26. July 2008 Omihi Creek Cassis MacKenzie Farm Ball Estate Ben and Viv Kepes Claremont Luxury Estate Glenview Farrm Pimlico Vineyard Fancrest Estate Harris Wine and Food Frog Rock Dancing Water Daniel Schuster Wines Waipara River Estate Waipara Springs Greystone Three Sisters Mountford The Old Vicarage Williams Hill Vineyard Cabal Properties Weka River Vineyard Dallington Downs Muddy Water McKenzie Vineyard Torlesse Wines Brent Knight Waipara Downs Waipara School Railway Station Graeme Allen Vineyard Waipara Gardens Cass View Mt Cass Dickson Vineyard The Mound Terrace Edge Concorde Vineyard Dunstaffnage The Mud House Camshorn Waiata Estate Pegasus Bay Number of plants planted to date 18295 15695 16695 17095 17495 17895 16095 18695 0 2.5km

27. May 2009 Omihi Creek Cassis MacKenzie Farm Ball Estate Ben and Viv Kepes Claremont Luxury Estate Glenview Farrm Pimlico Vineyard Fancrest Estate Harris Wine and Food Frog Rock Dancing Water Daniel Schuster Wines Waipara River Estate Waipara Springs Greystone Three Sisters Mountford The Old Vicarage Williams Hill Vineyard Weka River Vineyard Dallington Downs Muddy Water Cabal Properties McKenzie Vineyard Torlesse Wines Brent Knight Waipara Downs Waipara School Railway Station Elrick Vineyard Graeme Allen Vineyard Wedge Farm Waipara Gardens Mairehau Vineyard Cass View Mt Cass Dickson Vineyard The Mound Waipara Junction Garage Terrace Edge Concorde Vineyard One Stop Turbo Shop Dunstaffnage The Mud House Camshorn Waiata Estate Pegasus Bay Number of plants planted to date 21956 20541 20791 23715 21061 21261 21556 20274 20045 22511 22691 18695 22857 23146 23562 22287 0 2.5km

28. May 2009 Biodiversity Trails Omihi Creek Cassis MacKenzie Farm Ball Estate Ben and Viv Kepes Claremont Luxury Estate Glenview Farrm Pimlico Vineyard Fancrest Estate Harris Wine and Food Frog Rock Dancing Water Daniel Schuster Wines Waipara River Estate Waipara Springs Greystone Three Sisters Mountford The Old Vicarage Williams Hill Vineyard Cabal Properties Weka River Vineyard Dallington Downs Muddy Water McKenzie Vineyard Torlesse Wines Brent Knight Waipara Downs Waipara School Railway Station Elrick Vineyard Graeme Allen Vineyard Wedge Farm Waipara Gardens Mairehau Vineyard Cass View Mt Cass Dickson Vineyard The Mound Waipara Junction Garage Terrace Edge Concorde Vineyard One Stop Turbo Shop Dunstaffnage The Mud House Camshorn Waiata Estate Pegasus Bay 0 2.5km

34. The State?

36. ‘In war, truth is the first casualty’. Aeschylus said that.‘In a recession, the environment is the first casualty’. I said that.

37. So, what can NZ do?UN report again: ‘…agro-ecology is still insufficiently backed by ambitious public policies and consequently hardly goes beyond the experimental stage’

38. UN Report again:‘ Agro-ecology is knowledge-based. It requires public policies supporting it – and participitative extension’.

39. FRST Terminating Contract Review

40. The NZ solution?Policy based on the need for agro-ecology supported by ‘runs on the board’ with landowner engagement.

43. ES in practice at a farm level: Investing in natural capital to build ecological infrastructure Steve Wratten FRSNZ Bio-Protection Research Centre Lincoln University