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Gospels

Gospels. Dictionary of Biblical Imagery Leland Ryken , Editor. Gospel Genre. Biography Historical narrative Hero story Journal Parable Drama Dialogue Sermon Proverb. Satire Poetry Tragedy Comedy Nativity stories Vocation stories Pronouncement stories Miracle stories

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Gospels

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  1. Gospels Dictionary of Biblical Imagery Leland Ryken, Editor

  2. Gospel Genre • Biography • Historical narrative • Hero story • Journal • Parable • Drama • Dialogue • Sermon • Proverb • Satire • Poetry • Tragedy • Comedy • Nativity stories • Vocation stories • Pronouncement stories • Miracle stories • Passion stories

  3. Four Gospels • Mathew: Jesus is the royal Messiah who fulfills OT prophecy • Mark: Jesus’ humanity and suffering • Luke: Jesus’ humanitarian compassion for outcasts • John: Poetic Jesus who teaches by means of great symbols

  4. Structure • Loose chronology • Organizational schemes • Collage of units, not a continuous narrative flow

  5. Characters

  6. Setting • Cities and Country • Mountains and Hills • Water and Lake • Evening and Morning • Boats and walking • House and Temple • Garden and Desert

  7. Style • Economy of words • Drama and dialogue • Everyday and the momentous events

  8. Matthew • Narrative and Discourse • Narrative 1-4: : Jesus’ early years • Discourse 5-7: Sermon on the Mount • Narrative 8-9: Miracles of Jesus’ Travels • Discourse 10: Discipleship • Narrative 11-12: Jesus’ Conflicts with Jews • Discourse 13: Kingdom Parables • Narrative 14-17: Disciples • Discourse 18: Duties of Disciples • Narrative 19-23: Jesus’ final journey to Jerusalem • Discourse: 24-25: Olivet Discourse • Narrative 26-28: Passion Week

  9. Matthew: 5 Discourses • Life in the Kingdom 5-7 • Growth of the Kingdom 10 • Entrance in the Kingdom 13 • Others in the Kingdom 18 • End of the Kingdom 24-25

  10. Matthew: Beginning and End Beginning End Leaving earth: Ascension Resurrection Jerusalem Darkness of Crucifixion Mocked at the cross • Coming to earth: Birth • Incarnation • Bethlehem • Light of Nativity • Worshiped at the manger

  11. Matthew: The Exodus • Herod’s order to kill male infants / Pharaoh’s order to kill every male Hebrew child • Jesus taken to Egypt / Israel goes to Egypt • Joseph returns to home of son’s birth / Moses returns to land of his birth • Jesus’ baptism and 40 days in the desert / Israel’s Red sea and the wilderness • Jesus’ three temptations—hunger, Testing God, Idolatry / Israel’s temptations—hunger (Ex 16:2-8); Testing (Ex. 17:1-4); Idolatry (Ex. 32). • Jesus’ leaves the wilderness to go to the mountain for sermon on the mount—the law / Moses goes up the mountain to receive the law

  12. Matthew: Jewish Audience • Genealogies / Abraham • Prophet / Teacher • Hebrew Bible / Fulfillment of prophecies • Apocalyptic visions (Daniel) / Olivet Discourse • Kingdom of Israel / Kingdom of God

  13. Matthew: Numbers • Three generations (1:1-7) • Three temptations (4:1-11) • Three religious duties (6:1-18) • Three requests (7:7) • Three miracles of Healing (8:1-15) • Three miracles of Power (8:23-9:8) • Three Parables of Sowing (13:1-32) • Three Parables of Warning (18:6,10.14;/ 21:18-22:14) • Three Questions by Adversaries (22:15-40) • Seven Clauses of Lord’s Prayer • Seven Parables (13) • Seven Woes (23)

  14. Mark • Greco-Roman biographies • Action: Immediately (42#); again (28#); began (27#) • Three voices (1:11; 9:7; 15:39) • Three Passion predictions (8:31; 9:31; 10:33-34) • Three boat scenes (4:35-41; 6:45-52; 8:14-21) • Three instructions to keep awake (13:33-37) • Three Sleepings (14:37,40,41) • Three denials by Peter (14:66-72) • Three questions by Pilate (15:9,12,14) • Three hours at the cross (15:25,33,34)

  15. Mark: Structure • A 2:1-12 Healing • B 2:13-17 Eating • C 2:18-22 Fasting • B 2:23-28 Eating • A 3:1-6 Healing

  16. Luke • Quest motif: Christ came to do the Father’s will • Purpose: 9:51-19:27 (Unique to Luke) • Crowds and individuals • Peter’s Confession and Feeding 5000 • Transfiguration and Healing of boy with evil spirit • Zacchaeus and crowds • Judas’ betrayal and Last supper with the 12 • Jesus prays alone and returns to be arrested • Crowd to Nain’s son (7:11-17) • Crowd and woman’s bleeding (8:43)

  17. Luke • Primary transition: walking (4:31, 7:1, 6:1, 9:51, 14:1, 19:1) • Focus on the fringe figures of society • Accused of receiving and eating with sinners (5:29-32; 15:1-2) • Lost (15:3-32) • Poor (16:19-31) • Invitation to the poor (14:12-24) • Good Samaritan (10:25-37) • Simeon’s Song (2:31-32) • All nations (24:47) • Women (8:1-3; 23:55; 24:1, 24:5-8)

  18. John • Poetic Gospel: Gospel of Metaphors • Sheep, shepherd, wine, grain of wheat, bread, water, eating, drinking, sleeping, birth, bridegroom, thief, bondservant, light, darkness, Father, Son of God, Son of Man • Prologue (1) • Signs (2-12) • Passion (13-21)

  19. John: Narrative and Discourse • Drink of water to Living water (4) • Healing on the Sabbath to divine authority (5) • Feeding of 5000 to bread of life (6) • Lazarus’s resurrection and resurrection and the life (11) • Feast of Tabernacles (7) – Light of world (8) –Sight to blind (9) • Blind man expelled (9) and Good and Bad shepherds (10)

  20. John: Misunderstood Statement • Jesus pronouncement – Misunderstanding—Explanation • 3:3-8 • 4:10-15 • 4:31-38 • 6:47-58 • 7:33-36 • 8:21-30 • 8:31-47 • 8:56-58 • 11:11-15

  21. John: Seven Seven Miracles Seven I am Bread of life Light of world Door of the sheep Good shepherd Resurrection and life Way, truth, and life True vine • Water into wine • Healing of official’s son • Paralytic • 5000 fed • Walking on water • Healing of blind man • Lazarus

  22. John: Seven Witnesses to Christ • Father (5:37, 8:18) • Son (8:14,37) • Christ’s works (5:36, 10:25) • Scripture (5:39-46) • John the Baptist (1:7; 5:35) • Disciples (15:27; 19:35) • Spirit (15:26; 16:14)

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