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The CARBO-AGE project: aims, structure and first results.

Contribution of Forests and Forestry Mitigation of Greenhouse Effects COST E21, Budapest, Hungary, 25-28 April 2001. The CARBO-AGE project: aims, structure and first results. M. Mencuccini 1 , M. Borghetti 2 , J. Grace 1 , P. Hari 3 , P. Jarvis 1 , A. Lindroth 4 , D. Lousteau 5

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The CARBO-AGE project: aims, structure and first results.

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  1. Contribution of Forests and Forestry Mitigation of Greenhouse Effects COST E21, Budapest, Hungary, 25-28 April 2001 The CARBO-AGE project: aims, structure and first results. M. Mencuccini1, M. Borghetti2, J. Grace1, P. Hari3, P. Jarvis1, A. Lindroth4, D. Lousteau5 1 Institute of Ecology and Resource Management, University of Edinburgh, Darwin Building, Mayfield Road, EH9 3JU Edinburgh (UK) 2 Dipartimento di Produzione Vegetale – Universita’ della Basilicata, Via Nazario Sauro 85, 85100 Potenza (Italy). 3 Department of Forest Ecology, University of Helsinki, Yliopistonkatu 4, 00014 Helsinki, Finland. 4 Institutionen för Naturgeografi, Lunds Universitet, Paradisgatan 5c, 22100 Lund (Sweden). 5 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unite’ de Recherches Forestieres de Bordeaux, Domaine de l’Hermitage, Route d’Arcachon, 33611 Gazinet (France).

  2. CarboEurope A cluster of projects to understand and quantify the carbon balance of Europe Funded by EU DG Research: Vth Framework Programme Key Action: Global Change, Climate and Biodiversity http://www.bgc-jena.mpg.de/public/carboeur

  3. CARBO-AGE partners 1. University of Edinburgh (UK) (Grace, Mencuccini, Jarvis & Moncrieff) 2. Universita della Basilicata (Italy) (Borghetti & Magnani) 3. University of Helsinki (Finland) (Hari, Berninger, Ilvesniemi, Makeka, Nikinma, Nissinen, Vesala) 4. Lund University (Sweden) (Lindroth, Grelle & Lankreijer) 5. INRA-Centre de Bordeaux (France) (Loustau, Trichet, Berbigier, Dewar, Bert, Danjon & Arrouays)

  4. Swedish chronosequence Finnish chronosequence Age : 0 to 100 years; Age : 0 to 100 years Species : Scots pine/Norway spruce; Species : Scots pine; Climatic zone : southern boreal; Climatic zone : Boreal; Soils : glacial till; Soils : podsols; Level of NPP : medium. Level of NPP : medium to low. Scottish chronosequence Age : 0 to 40 years; Species Sitka spruce; Climatic zone : temperate; Soils : surface water gleys; Level of NPP : very high. French chronosequence More chronosequences In FORCAST Age : 0 to 60 years Species : Maritime pine; Climatic zone : Atlantic maritime; Soils : spodic sands; Level of NPP : medium to high. Italian chronosequences Age : 0 to 60 and 0 to 20 years Species : Maritime pine; Turkey oak. Climatic zone : Mediterranean; Soils : podsolised marine sands; Level of NPP : low to medium. Location of CARBO-AGE chronosequences :

  5. CARBO-AGE: Age-related dynamics of carbon exchange in European forests What are the aims of the project? • To understand carbon budgets over the whole life cycle of forests • To include periodic disturbances as a result of management practices, e.g., clearfelling. • Why is the project innovative? • C-flux studies of forests have mostly focussed on middle-aged stands • C-stock inventories have often neglected the soil.

  6. Major selection criteria for the chronosequences • Homogeneity in: a)   Underlying geological formation b)  Climate c)   Soil type d)  History of management • Surface area of ~50 ha for each age class • Flat topography (although not necessarily level) • Access to mains power

  7. : Start of project : Duration : Deliverables : Links between deliverables CARBO-AGE PROJECT 1999-2002 Age-related dynamics of carbon exchange in European forests. WORKPACKAGES AND DELIVERABLES 1999 2000 2001 2002 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 5 6 7 8 WP 1: Changes in carbon stocks over time. WP 2: Carbon fluxes over time. WP 3: Soil respiration. WP 4: Modelling of the NEP and NPP dynamics. WP 5: Post-Kyoto scenarios (ex Art. 3.3 and 3.4). WP 6: Briefing notes. News reports.

  8. CARBO-AGE Work-package 1: Carbon stocks over time Deliverable: data base of C-storage in five chronosequences throughout Europe

  9. NEE Pf Rf AG DAG Ar Rw Dr Rh Rr BG S Dex Carbon balance acrossa chronosequence Eddy Covariance • CO2 and H2O concentration fluctuations • wind speed and direction

  10. CARBO-AGE Workpackage 2: Ecosystem carbon fluxes over time Measure fluxes within chronosequences, using eddy covariance in the ‘paired tower’ approach. Deliverable: Half-hourly flux data, extending the CARBOEUROFLUX data base, and enabling testing of models of the stand life-cycle.

  11. CARBO-AGE Workpackage 3: Soil respiration over time • Measure and model the soil CO2 fluxes along the age sequences. • Separate heterotrophic and autotrophic respiration. Deliverable: Fluxes of carbon from the soil, as a function of environmental variables; an archive of CO2 and SOM for isotopic analysis.

  12. CARBO-AGE • Workpackage 4: Modelling age-related changes • in NPP and NEP • Test existing NPP/NEP models in long-term (100 year) • periods; improve them. • Use models to define optimal rotational/management • of the forest for carbon fixation • Deliverables: Reliable NPP/NEP models, tables and • recommendations for practitioners.

  13. CARBO-AGE Workpackage 5: Post-Kyoto scenarios and regional scale predictions Develop (model) products for the internet, to estimate changes in carbon sequestration resulting from changes in age structure (response to harvesting) and afforestation. Deliverable: an internet-based forest carbon simulator with data base.

  14. CARBO-AGE Workpackage 6: Communication with media and policy-makers Periodic Briefing Notes to media and stakeholders Meetings and workshops on carbon budgets Training courses for consultancy companies and other stakeholders New Accompanying Measure: CARBOEUROPE: Coordination and dissemination of carbon research in light of the implementation of the Kyoto Protocol in Europe.

  15. Major results since March 2000 • Created research facilities at all sites (eddy flux towers, automatic soil CO2 efflux system, met stations) • Characterised the sites (soil profiles, ground vegetation, forest history and management) • Basic stand measurements (diameter, height, density, leaf area index) • First-year results

  16. Diurnal courses of CO2 exchange in clearfells and mature stands (Hyytiala, Finland) (Harwood, UK)

  17. Daily averages of CO2 flux from the clearfell at Bilos (France) Carbon and water fluxes in the stands of age 1 and 9 (after coppicing) at Rocca (Italy) (27 September – 26 October 2000). __________________________________________________ Age 1 Age 9 __________________________________________________ H (diurnal time), W m-2 56.7 56 E (diurnal time), W m-2 47.3 59.7 FC (diurnal time), mmol m-2 s-1 -0.33 -4.58 FC (daily integrated), g C m-2 day-1 1.54 -1.53

  18. NEE Pf Rf AG DAG Ar Rw Dr Rh Rr BG S Dex Can weclose the budget? AG

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