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Families on the Periodic Table

Families on the Periodic Table. Alkali Metals. Elements Solids: Lithium Potassium Sodium Rubidium Cesium Francium. Characteristics Soft Dull silver color Low density Low melting point. Reacts w/ halogens to form salts Reacts w/ water to form strong alkaline hydroxides.

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Families on the Periodic Table

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  1. Families on the Periodic Table

  2. Alkali Metals Elements Solids: Lithium Potassium Sodium Rubidium Cesium Francium

  3. Characteristics Soft Dull silver color Low density Low melting point Reacts w/ halogens to form salts Reacts w/ water to form strong alkaline hydroxides Alkali Metals (cont.)

  4. Alkaline Earth Metals Elements Solids Beryllium Magnesium Calcium Strontium Barium Radium

  5. Characteristics Soft Shiny silver color Low density Found naturally as a compound Glow different colors Reacts w/ halogens to form ionic salts Alkaline Earth Metals (cont.)

  6. Transition Metals Elements Solids All “D-block” elements Atomic numbers 21-30 39-48 57, 72-80 89, 104-112

  7. Characteristics High density High melting / boiling point Good catalysts Hard, tough & strong Silvery blue at room temp. Multiple oxidation states Transition Metals (cont.)

  8. Other Metals Elements Solids Aluminum Gallium Indium Tin Thallium Lead Bismuth

  9. Characteristics Relatively high density Salts Solids Opaque color Malleable Oxidation numbers +3, +4, -3 Other Metals (cont.)

  10. Metalloids Elements Solids Boron Silicon Germanium Arsenic Antimony Tellurium Polonium

  11. Characteristics Some shiny Some dull Malleable Ductile Has properties of both metals and nonmetals Metalloids (cont.)

  12. Gases Hydrogen Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Solids Phosphorus Sulfur Selenium Non-Metals

  13. Characteristics Poor thermal conductors Brittle Little to no metallic luster High ionization energy High electronegativity Gain electrons easily Various valance electron amts. Non-Metals (cont.)

  14. Solids Iodine Astatine Liquids Bromine Gases Fluorine Chlorine Halogens

  15. Halogens (cont.) • Only group in all 3 states of matter • Highly reactive w/ Alkali Metals & Alkaline Earth Metals • High electronegativity

  16. Noble Gases Elements Gases Helium Neon Argon Krypton Xenon Radon

  17. Noble Gases (cont.) • Non-reactive • Odorless • Tasteless • Colorless • Nonflammable

  18. Rare Earth Elements Elements Solids All “F-block” elements Atomic numbers 58-71 90-103

  19. Characteristics Most are manmade High luster High burning point High electrical conductivity Reactivity varies Usually bonded to non-metals AKA: lanthanides & actinides Rare Earth Elements (cont.)

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