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1.1 Earth has several layers

1.1 Earth has several layers. By Lea Mulligan. Earth is made up of materials with different densities. Scientists think that earth formed out of pieces of material that collided and stuck together. Denser materials such as nickel and iron sunk towards the center of the planet.

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1.1 Earth has several layers

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  1. 1.1 Earth has several layers By Lea Mulligan

  2. Earth is made up of materials with different densities. • Scientists think that earth formed out of pieces of material that collided and stuck together. • Denser materials such as nickel and iron sunk towards the center of the planet. • Eventually the core, mantle, and crust was formed.

  3. Earth’s layers have different properties • To explore the inside of the earth, scientists inspect volcanoes and earthquakes. They examine these because both of them come from below the crust. • The energy from these travel through earth. • Scientists infer what happens in the earth under the surface with these results.

  4. Picture of the layers of earth These are earth’s layers

  5. Core • Earth’s core is divided into 2 sections, inner core and outer core. • The inner core is the hottest place on earth. Its average temperature is 7000-8000 degrees Celsius. • It is a ball of hot solid metals. It is solid, despite the heat because of the enormous pressure. • The outer core is liquid metal that is 4400-6100 degrees Celsius. The lower pressure makes the metal be liquid.

  6. The Mantle The mantle is made of hot rock and is earth’s thickest layer. It is 1700 miles thick and is 870-4400 degrees Celsius. It is mainly hot and moves like a thick paste, but the very top is cool and rigid.

  7. Crust • The crust is the thinnest layer of the earth; it is just 6-70 km. thick. • There are 2 types of crust, oceanic crust and continental crust.Continental crust includes all continents and major island, while oceanic includes all ocean floors.

  8. Layers of the earth It is just like the layers of an egg or cake. There is a firm but thin outer layer and a softer mantle and outer core; plus a firm center, the inner core.

  9. Asthenosphere and lithosphere • The bottom of earth’s crust and the top of the mantle come together to form the lithosphere. It is the most rigid of all the layers . • It sits on top of the asthenosphere, a layer of hotter, softer rock. It is soft and flows. • You can think of these as solid pavement (lithosphere) on top of hot tar (asthenosphere).

  10. Tectonic plates • The lithosphere is made up of large and small pieces of rock called tectonic plates. • Most tectonic plates include continental and oceanic crust. • Most thicker continental crust rises on top of the ocean. The rest is underwater.

  11. THE END

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