Introduction to Technical and Vocational Education in Malaysia (Secondary Technical Schools)

1. Introduction to Technical and Vocational Education in Malaysia(Secondary Technical Schools) Technical Education Department Ministry of Education Malaysia

2. TECHNICAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT 2004-present ORGANISATION CHART DEPUTY DIRECTOR GENERAL OF EDUCATION (Technical) Technical & Vocational Education Management Division Technical & Vocational Planning and Research Division Staff Training and Development Division Technical & Vocational Curriculum Division

3. OBJECTIVES ofSECONDARY TECHNICAL/VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS • To provide general education. • To provide a good foundation in technical and vocational education to enable students to further their studies. • To provide the industrial and commercial sectors with manpower equipped with basic skills and knowledge. • To provide a flexible and broad based curriculum to meet the immediate and future needs and changes in technology.

4. Technical and Vocational Training providers beside Ministry of Education (for school leavers) • Industrial Training Institutes • Agricultural Institutes • National Youth Training Institutes • MARA Skill Training Institutes • Private training institutes • Etc.

5. Maintaining Curriculum Standard and Quality • Policy Decision • Consultancy Recommendations • Proposal from Institutions • Standards • Industry, Business • Academics • Visits • Studies Draft Input & Feedback Advisory Committee Curriculum Development by Curriculum Committee Input Final Draft Approval from Curriculum Central Committee Education Planning Committee Implementation

6. TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION PATHWAYS World of Work Years of Schooling Post Graduate 26 21 25 20 19 24 Degree University & Institution of Higher Learning 24 18 17 Diploma University College 23 16 22 15 Vocational Qualification 21 14 20 Certificate MHSC Form 6 Matriculation Colleges Polytechnics & Community Colleges Skills Training Institutes 13 19 12 18 Malaysian Cert. of Education (MCE) MSC Secondary Academic School Technical Vocational Skills VS 11 17 10 16 TECHNICAL SCHOOL Lower Secondary Age 13 - 15 Age 7 - 12 Primary Age

7. Technical Stream (current curriculum structure) • Core SubjectPeriods • Malay Language 6 • English Language 5 • English for Science & Technology 3 • Mathematics 5 • Islamic Education/Moral 4/3 • History 3 • Physical and Health Education 2 • Electives Subject • Eng Drawing / P Accounting / Biology 4 * • Additional Mathematics 4 • Physics 4 • Chemistry 4 • Electives Selection 4 Student have to choose one • Electives Selection • Mechanical Eng Studies • Civil Eng Studies • Electrical & Electronics Eng Studies • Agrotechnology Studies • Agricultural Science • Entrepreneur Studies • Apparel Studies • Food Management EteMS ETTecS 2006 English for the teaching of Mathematics, Science and Technical Subjects

8. Vocational Stream (current curriculum structure) Building Construction Construction Technology Woodworks and Brickwork Geometrical & Construction Drawing Electrical Electrical Technology Electrical Installation and Control Geometrical & Electrical Drawing Electronics Electronics Technology Radio & Television Servicing Geometrical & Electronics Drawing Machine Shop Practice Machine Shop Technology Machining & Filing Practice Geometrical & Machine Drawing Welding & Metal Fabrication Metal Fabrication & Welding Technology Welding Geometrical & Metal Fabrication Drawing Automotive Automotive Technology Vehicle Services and Repairs Geometrical & Automotive Drawing Refrigeration & Air Conditioning Refrigeration & Air Conditioning Technology Refrigeration & Air Conditioning Practice Geometrical & Air Conditioning Drawing Business Management Business Computing Principle of Account Commerce Catering Catering Technology Food Preparation & Services Commerce Fashion Design & Dressmaking Fashion Design & Dressmaking Technology Fashion Designing & Dressmaking Commerce Beauty Culture Beauty Technology Cosmetology & Hairdressing Commerce Child Care Child Care Studies Child Care & Guidance Commerce Bakery & Confectionery Bakery & Confectionery Bread & Pattisserie Commerce Ornamental Horticulture & Landscape Crop Production Dairy Production Ornamental Horticulture & Landscape Farm Machinery Crop Production Dairy Production Farm Machinery Farm Management Crop Production Dairy Production Farm Management Structure Academic 55% Core Vocational 45% Technology & Skill Content Subjects Periods Core Academics 1. Malay Language 6 2. English Language 5 3. Mathematics 5 4. Islamic/Moral Edu 4/3 5. History 3 6. Science 5 7. PHE 2 Vocational Electives 8. Technology 4 9. Workshop 13 10. Drawings 4

9. Making technical and vocational education ‘works’ Career Focus Based on Standards Modularization/ Competency Based Education Articulation Traditional Curriculum

10. NEW VOCATIONAL CURRICULUM CONCEPT Content • Integration of technology, practical and drawing (75% skill) • Accommodate Polytechnics & Community Colleges subjects/modules • Articulation to Polytechnics & Community Colleges • Entrepreneurship modules (across curriculum) • Introduction of Applied Science Approach (Pedagogy) • Modular • Competency Based Learning Assessment • School Based Assessment • Competency Assessment • Modular Certification

11. B A Entrepreneur GeometricalDrawing Vocational Curriculum Content (new vocational) Accommodate and Articulate Community College Modules Vocational Subjects PolytechnicModules

12. Core Subjects Periods 1. Malay Language 6 2. English Language 5 3. Mathematics 5 4. Islamic / Moral Education 4/3 5. History 3 6. Science/Applied Science 5 7. PHE2 Vocational Elective Subjects 8. Vocational A 10 9. Vocational B 10 Vocational Curriculum Structure 2006/7 Academics 55% Vocational 45% • Polytechnics (20) • Community Colleges (34) Articulation Modular M C E Competency Assessment Modular Certification World Of Work

13. CATERING • A. Western & Eastern Food Preparation • B. Food and Beverages Preparation • FASION • Dress Making • Dress Pola • BEAUTIFICATION • Make up • Hair Dressing • CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND SERVICES • Child Development Studies • Child Services • BAKERI • Yeast and Bread • Patisserie • TOURISM • Recreational & Tourism • Basic Tourism Skill Vocational StreamCourses/ Subjects 2006/7 • MACHINE SHOP PRACTICE • A. Computer Machining • B. Engineeringl Workshop Practice • WELDING • Arc Welding • Gas Welding • AUTOMOTIVE • Vehicle Automotive • Electrical & Diesel Automotive • REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING • Refrigeration • Air Conditioning BUILDING CONSTRUCTION A. Building Materials B. Construction Technology ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS A. Principle of E & E B. Application of E & E • ORNAMENTAL HORT & LANDSCAPE • Agricultural Machinery • Ornamental Hort & Landscape • CROP TECHNOLOGY • A. Agricultural Machinery • B. Crop Production • CROP AGROINDUSTRY • Agric. Product Processing • Crop Production • LIVESTOCK AGROINDUSTRY • Agric. Product Processing • Livestock Production COMPUTER PROGRAMMING A. Fundamentals of Programming B. Programming and Development Tools CREATIVE MULTIMEDIA A. Animation and Editorial Design B. Creative Multimedia Editorial COMPUTER SUPPORT & NETWORKING A. Computer Support System B. Networking Support System • OFFICE TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT • Computer Application in Business • Business Office Technology • BUSINESS MANAGEMENT • Computer Application in Business • Business Accounting

14. Building Construction Workshop

15. Woodworking Workshop

16. Plumbing Workshop

17. Machining Workshop

18. Science Laboratory

19. Computer Laboratory

23. Education System Reforms • Reducing the number of subjects in public examinations and increasing SBA • From Term System to Semester System • Reducing content-based and increasing skill-based • Innovating T & L approach by fully utilising project management approach

24. EVALUATION STUDY TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION CURRICULUM MANAGEMENT

25. Further Devt. Input Process Output Relationship and output benefit between Stage 1 (TSSs learners) and Stage 2 (TSSs learners in Sem. 1 at polytechnicssource: Further study by TVCD October/November 2004 Curriculum TSS

26. Research Findings The product of technical secondary schools (TSSs) perform much better in Semester 1 at polytechnics, compared to the product of secondary schools even though the take-off values (TOV) of TSSs is marginally lower From studies conducted by employers, there exists an expectation gap among employers toward the performance of TSSs product at the workplace the product of TSSs are competent and skillful, technically and academically However, employers evaluate highly personal attributes and soft / employability skills

27. Vocational StreamREFORMS • Implementation of competency-based education • Integration of hands-on and heads-on • Articulation to institution of higher learning • Entrepreneurial element across VSSs courses

28. Technical streamREFORMS • Reviewing the technical subject curriculum • School-based Assessment (SBA) • Employability skills

29. FUTURE CURRICULUM Key Competencies 1. Collecting, analysing & organising information 2. Communicating ideas and information 3. Planning and organising activities 4.Working with others and in teams 5. Using mathematical ideas and techniques 6. Solving problems 7. Using technology * Other competencies i.e SCANS TOPICS 1. 2. 3. contextualized Centralised Assessment 60-70% WORKSHOP PRACTICE PROJECTS PRESENTATION OTHERS School-based Assessment 30-40% Technical Curriculum Toward SBA & Employability Skills

30. Terima kasih Thank you Technical and Vocational Curriculum Division Technical Education Department Ministry of Education Malaysia Level 5, Block E-14, Parcel E, Federal Government Administration Centre 62604 Putrajaya, Malaysia