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Chemistry Unit 9 – Gas Laws

Chemistry Unit 9 – Gas Laws. Lesson 3 – Ideal Gas Laws Book Section: 14.3 Do Now: What are the three formulas for Boyle’s, Charles’ and Guy-Lussac’s Laws?. Avogadro’s Law.

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Chemistry Unit 9 – Gas Laws

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  1. ChemistryUnit 9 – Gas Laws Lesson 3 – Ideal Gas Laws Book Section: 14.3 Do Now: What are the three formulas for Boyle’s, Charles’ and Guy-Lussac’s Laws?

  2. Avogadro’s Law • There is a fourth basic gas law, but it is only used to make a combined version of all the gas laws called the ideal gas law. • Avogadro’s law says that the volume of gas increases as the amount of gas increases (moles). • Moles = n

  3. Ideal Gas Law • If we look at the four equations, we see common elements: • P and V in the numerator • T and n in the denominator • In science, when we combine these gas laws mathematically, we can say that they are equal to a constant… • Constant = number that doesn’t change • R = ideal gas constant

  4. Ideal Gas Law • If we simplify the equation, we get the ideal gas law: • PV = nRT • Volume must be in liters • Temperature must be in Kelvin • Pressure units can be different, and they determine the value of R • If P is in atmospheres, R = 0.0821 • If P is in kilopascals (kPa), R = 8.31 • If P is in torr or mmHg, R = 62.4 • Choosing which R to use is important!

  5. Sample Problem • A deep underground cave contains 2.24 x 106 L of methane gas (CH4) at a pressure of 1,500 kPa and a temperature of 315 K. • How many moles of CH4 does this cavern contain? • How many kilograms of CH4 does this cavern contain?

  6. Sample Problem • A deep underground cave contains 2.24 x 106 L of methane gas (CH4) at a pressure of 1,500 kPa and a temperature of 315 K. • How many moles of CH4 does this cavern contain? • 1.28 x 106 mol CH4 • How many kilograms of CH4 does this cavern contain?

  7. Sample Problem • A deep underground cave contains 2.24 x 106 L of methane gas (CH4) at a pressure of 1,500 kPa and a temperature of 315 K. • How many moles of CH4 does this cavern contain? • 1.28 x 106 mol CH4 • How many kilograms of CH4 does this cavern contain? • 2.05 x 104 kg CH4

  8. HW 9-3 Due WEDNESDAY • This week: • Tuesday: Work on Absolute Zero Lab & HW 9-3 (Mr. Cerami Out) • Wednesday: Determining the Value of R Lab (Absolute Zero Lab & HW 9-3 Due) • Thursday: Graham’s Law of Effusion • Friday: Determining the Value of R Lab (Mr. Cerami Out – GlaxoSmithKline Trip) • HW 9-4 Due Monday • Gas Law Exam: Tuesday, May 10th

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