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3 rd Year Toxicology Core Facts:

3 rd Year Toxicology Core Facts:. Zohair A. Al Aseri MD, FRCPC EM & CCM Chairman and Assistant Professor , DEM College of Medicine King Saud University Consultant Emergency Medicine and Intensivist King Saud University, Medical City. 1-Following drugs can cause Bradycardia (PACED):.

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3 rd Year Toxicology Core Facts:

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  1. 3rd Year Toxicology Core Facts: Zohair A. Al Aseri MD, FRCPC EM & CCM Chairman and Assistant Professor , DEM College of Medicine King Saud University Consultant Emergency Medicine and Intensivist King Saud University, Medical City

  2. 1-Following drugs can cause Bradycardia (PACED): Propranolol (beta-blockers), poppies (opiates), propoxyphene, physostigmineAnticholinesterase drugs, antiarrhythmics Clonidine, calcium channel blockersEthanol or other alcohol, Digoxin, digitalis

  3. Following drugs can cause Tachycardia (FAST): Free base or other forms of cocaine, Anticholinergics, antihistamines, antipsychotics, amphetamines, alcohol withdrawalSympathomimetics (cocaine, caffeine, amphetamines, PCP), solvent abuse, strychnineTheophylline, TCAs, thyroid hormones

  4. Hypothermia (COOLS) may be seen in poisoning with: Carbon monoxideOpioidsOral hypoglycemics, insulinLiquor (alcohols)Sedative-hypnotics

  5. Hyperthermia (NASA) may seen in poisoning with: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, nicotineAntihistamines, alcohol withdrawalSalicylates, sympathomimetics, serotonin syndromeAnticholinergics, antidepressants, antipsychotics

  6. Hypotesion (CRASH) may seen in poisoning with: Clonidine, calcium channel blockersRodenticides (containing arsenic, cyanide)Antidepressants, aminophylline, antihypertensivesSedative-hypnoticsHeroin or other opiates

  7. Hypertension (CT SCAN) may occur after poisoning with: CocaineThyroid supplementsSympathomimeticsCaffeineAnticholinergics, amphetaminesNicotine

  8. Poisoning with following may lead to an elevated anion gap: Methanol, metformin, massive overdosesEthylene glycolTolueneAlcoholic ketoacidosisLactic acidosisAcetaminophen (large overdoses)Cyanide, carbon monoxide, colchicineIsoniazid, iron, ibuprofenDiabetic ketoacidosisGeneralized seizure-producing toxinsAcetylsalicylic acid or other salicylatesParaldehyde, phenformin

  9. Cholinergic toxidrome (caused by organophosphorus, carbamate, pilocarpine) is characterised by: Diarrhea, diaphoresisUrinationMiosisBradycardia, bronchosecretionsEmesisLacrimationLethargicSalivation

  10. Nicotinic toxidrome (recalled by days of the week) is characterised by: Monday: MiosisTuesday: TachycardiaWednesday: WeaknessThursday: TremorsFriday: FasciculationsSaturday: SeizuresSunday: Somnolent

  11. Toxins accessible to haemodialysis: Uremia Salicylates Theophylline Alcohols (isopropanol, methanol), Ethylene glycol Boric acid, barbiturates Lithium

  12. Paracetamol (Acetaminophen),

  13. Q; Acetaminophen (paracetamol) can undergo all of the following biotransformation reactions EXCEPT a. Deamination b. N-oxidation c. Glucuronidation d. Sulphation e. Glutathione conjugation Answer a

  14. N-acetyl-p-benzoquinonimine (NAPQI) is the toxic metabolic product of: a. Acetyl-salisylic acid b. Acetamiophen (paracetamol) c. Mefanemic Acid d. Ibuprofen Answer b

  15. Q..N-Acetyl cystiene (NAC) is used as antidote for acetaminophen. The decision to use is ideally based on Acetaminophen blood levels measured at: a. 2 Hours from time of ingestion b. 4 Hours from time of ingestion c. 8 Hours from time of ingestion d. 24 Hours from time of ingestion Answer b

  16. Salicylic acid (aspirin)

  17. Opioids

  18. ANTIDOTE

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