Access to HE Diploma

1. Access to HE Diploma • Pharmacy and Biomedical Science • Introduction to Matter • Lesson 1

2. Assessment Criteria • 1.1 Define an element giving examples. • 1.2 Write the names and symbols of the first 20 elements. • 1.3 Describe and explain what some of the general physical properties of metals and non-metals are • 1.4 Describe the relative position of metals, non-metals, groups and periods within the periodic table with examples. • 2.1 Classify substances as elements or compounds from their names giving examples • 2.2 Describe two differences between a compound and a mixture • 3.1 Describe protons, neutrons and electrons in terms of their relative charges and relative masses. • 3.2 Describe the distribution of mass and charge within an atom. • 3.3 Describe the contribution of protons and neutrons to atomic nuclei in terms of atomic number and mass number. • 3.4 Deduce the electronic configurations of atoms up to z = 36 and ions, given the atomic number and charge, limited to s and p blocks up to Z= 36. • 4.1 Describe ionic bonding as the electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged ions including dot and cross diagrams. • 4.2 Describe a covalent bond as a pair of electrons shared between two atoms • 4.3 Write the formulae for some simple and some complex compounds • 4.4 Describe and interpret and/or predict physical properties in terms of the types motion and arrangement of particles (atoms, molecules and ions) and the forces between them, and the different types of bonding. • 5.1 Describe an acid as a species that can donate a proton. • 5.2 Describe a base as a species that can accept a proton • 5.3 Describe the reaction of an acid typified by hydrochloric acid with metals, carbonates bases and alkalis and interpret them using ionic equations to emphasise the role of H+(aq) • 5.4 Write a balanced equation for the reaction between two elements and between an acid and a base • 6.1 Construct balanced chemical equations, full and ionic

3. Todays Aim • Appreciate that all matter is made up of a few basic building blocks and understand the arrangement of elements in the periodic table.

4. Week 1 • 1.1 Define an element giving examples. • 1.2 Write the names and symbols of the first 20 elements. • 1.3 Describe and explain what some of the general physical properties of metals and non-metals are • 1.4 Describe the relative position of metals, non- metals, groups and periods within the periodic table with examples.

5. Week 1 Reading • Access to Chemistry • Alan Jones, Mike Clement, AvrilHigton Elaine Goulding • ISBN 0 -85404-564-3 Inside the atom Pages 17 - 28

6. 1.1 Define an element giving examples • An element is a substance consisting of atoms which all have the same number of protons - i.e. the same atomic number. • Elements are chemically the simplest substances and hence cannot be broken down using chemical methods. Elements can only be changed into other elements using nuclear methods. • All examples are on the periodic table of elements.

7. Isotopes and Ions • What is an isotope? • Each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei. • What is an ion? • An atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons.

8. 1.2 Write the names and symbols of the first 20 elements.

9. Activity • Write down the names and symbols of the first 20 elements • Write down the definitions of the following words: • Element • Ion • Isotope

10. 1.3 Describe and explain what some of the general physical properties of metals and non-metals are • Metallic bonding presentation • Materials in trays at the back of the room.

11. Properties of Metals

12. ActivityMatch the words to the meaning electrical conductor Lustrous Malleable Sonorous flexible ductile thermal conductor

13. Activity • Magnesium, steel and brass are all metals but only one of these substances is an element. • Which of these substances is an element? • Why is this substance an element and the other two substances are not?

14. Activity • b. Explain why non metals are poor conductors of heat.

15. 1.4 Describe the relative position of metals, non- metals, groups and periods within the periodic table with examples. H

16. Week 1 Review • 1.1 Define an element giving examples. • 1.2 Write the names and symbols of the first 20 elements. • 1.3 Describe and explain what some of the general physical properties of metals and non-metals are • 1.4 Describe the relative position of metals, non- metals, groups and periods within the periodic table with examples.