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Aperture and the Relationship to Depth of Field. Lower f/stop = shorter depth of field. Aperture set at 4.5 f/stop. Aperture set at 5.6 f/stop. Aperture set at 7.1 f/stop. Higher f/stop = deeper depth of field. Aperture set at 9.0 f/stop. Aperture set at 11.0 f/stop.
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18.0 f/stop 4.5 f/stop
3.5 f/stop 22.0 f/stop
Or perhaps you want just your main subject in focus, and other things blurred.
Or this….. This blurred background is also referred to as “Bokeh.”
So…..Low f/stop number equals short depth-of-field, which equals sharp focus on the main subject and blurred backgrounds.
Large f/stop number equals long depth-of-field, which equals focus on all elements in the picture frame and limited or no blurriness.