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Low cost, building integrated Concentration PV 1

Low cost, building integrated Concentration PV 1. Dr Alonso Marquez Ideasol Australia Pty Ltd 1 We are proudly assisted by Business and Industry Development, ACT Government. Summary. Commercial and Technological Strategy Challenges of Static Concentration Photovoltaic

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Low cost, building integrated Concentration PV 1

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  1. Low cost, building integrated Concentration PV1 Dr Alonso Marquez Ideasol Australia Pty Ltd 1We are proudly assisted by Business and Industry Development, ACT Government.

  2. Summary • Commercial and Technological Strategy • Challenges of Static Concentration Photovoltaic • A first prototype: characteristics and results • Next steps

  3. Project Objective • Create a cost effective, convenient replacement for PV panels (in residential/industrial feed-in scenarios) using concentration photovoltaic technology (CPV) • Objectives: • $/Watt CPV < 0.7 * $/Watt PV Panel • Find alternative solutions (e.g. solar tiles) for improving appeal/convenience. Min 1 $/Watt Avg 3.5

  4. PV- Set up cost • Solar panels > 50% PV cost (more in a feed-in scenario) • Solar panels + Installation > 85% PV cost (feed-in scenario). http://greenecon.net/solar-energy

  5. Economy Strategy (residential feed-in) • Minimize number of solar panels or cells/Watt • A 3.5x reduction in solar panels enough for 35% cost reduction • Make then easier to install than PV panels

  6. Technology Solution • Use standard solar cells & panels (instead of specialized solar cells) • Replicate roof tile shape & tilling properties (as solar shingles do) • Use low cost plastics for concentration components Concentration Unit Light capture unit

  7. Running Cost Economy Strategy • High set up costs require long amortisation time • But cost PV components reduced significantly in last few years • Therefore, solution must have • Minimum maintenance overhead • Modular components, easy to replace, upgrade or extends

  8. Technology Solution • Maintainability • Minimize maintenance by using static concentrators (similar PV maintenance cost) • Extensibility/Adaptability: • Modular/extensible components including solar conversion unit (capable of being upgraded when convenient)

  9. Challenges of Static Concentration • Concentration trade offs for static CPV • Some Sun radiation must be lost for a cost effective concentration • 80% of Sun’s direct radiation comes from 35% of the sky (in a sunny day) • The more tangential the Sun light hits a panel, the less light is captured (more is reflected) • Each additional internal reflection/refraction may induce additional losses • Temperature de-rating effect may increase with concentration

  10. Solar Direct Radiation (Canberra) Direct sun radiation comes from less than 50% of the sky Sun radiation below 10o is lost by PV installations

  11. Challenges of Static Concentration  Light Concentration Concentration  (N/sin )^2 Direct/diffuse light outside  is lost Light Funnelling/ Spreading/ Infrared filtering Refraction/reflection loses Energy Capture Cooling normally required for concentrations beyond 3x

  12. Cost Function $/Watt CPV = $/Watt PV Panel * Concentration * Additional costs / ( Reduction in transformed radiation * Reduction in Cell Efficiency) Reduction in transformed radiation= reduction in captured radiation / increase in refraction and reflection losses Additional Components & manufacturing processes

  13. Technology Solution • Avoid internal reflection losses by using Total Internal Reflection (TIR) • Increase concentration by using a dielectric medium with relatively high N (e.g Acrylic N=1.49) • Rise concentration by applying most of the concentration in the North=South axis (with milder concentration West-East)

  14. Challenge of Ideal Concentrators • Current TIR only Ideal Concentrators are too bulky • CPV solar cells has to be small (so + expensive) CPV solar cell

  15. Technology Solution • New family of Ideal Concentration Shapes • Only TIR reflections (as DTIRC) but • One order of magnitude flatter than existing TIR only ideal concentrators. • Radiation is evenly spread into target commercial Solar cell/ panel

  16. First Prototype (2D Shape) • Theoretical concentration of almost 5x • Acceptance Angles: +-18o North-South • reduction captured radiation around 30% • Made of plastic (acrylic) manually cut & polished • Used standard 1.75 watts solar cells • Achieved 3.5 x increase on short circuit current (average)

  17. Second Prototype (3D Shape) • Theoretical concentration > 8x (Real 5x) • Acceptance Angles: +-19o North-South, +-65o East-West • reduction captured radiation (< 35%) • Will use standard solar cells • Improved manufacturing process to have better concentration/lower losses • Expected to achieve 5x increase in power

  18. Next step: Easy Solar Tiles • Clear polycarbonate chassis with tile shape cover • Strong and water proof • Aesthetically appealing • Stronger than current solar panels • Overlaps with other tiles • External fins for passive cooling • Translucent early morning/evenings • Adjustable concentrator orientation

  19. Static CPV is becoming a commercial reality

  20. Thank you

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