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So what does evolution mean?

So what does evolution mean?. Well, The Book Says:. Charles Darwin. Charles Darwin. Took a trip on the S.S. Beagle to the Galapagos Islands to work as a naturalist. Hypothesized that Natural Selection drove evolution in his book, On the Origin of Species .

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So what does evolution mean?

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  1. So what does evolution mean? Well, The Book Says:

  2. Charles Darwin

  3. Charles Darwin • Took a trip on the S.S. Beagle to the Galapagos Islands to work as a naturalist. • Hypothesized that Natural Selection drove evolution in his book, On the Origin of Species. • He invented the concept- Survival of the fittest- which actually means survival of the slightly better suited to a particular environment at a particular time

  4. Darwin’s Theory : Natural Selection • Environment limits growth of populations • Due to variations among individuals in a species, some members of a population compete better for limited resources, so they survive and reproduce, while others do not.

  5. VARIATIONS • Differences in a species • Raw material for evolution • Caused by: 1) Crossing over 2)Chance Assortment 3)Mutation ADAPTATIONS: Variations that improve chances for survival!

  6. Notice The Variation In These Individuals Of A House Finch Population Some are more likely to survive and/or mate due to differences in coloration

  7. Adaptations • A variation that continues to exist generation after generation and increases the organisms chance to survive and reproduce (pass on its genes)

  8. ADAPTATIONS • Physical • Chemical • Behavioral • MORPHOLOGICAL • CHEMICAL • BEHAVIORAL

  9. Physical ADAPTATION

  10. Physiological ADAPTATION

  11. BEHAVIORAL ADAPTATION

  12. ADAPTATION • morphological? • Chemical? • Behavioral?

  13. Artificial Selection • Selecting and Breeding the organisms with the most desirible traits. • Can you think how humans do this?

  14. Dog Breeding

  15. Horse Breeding

  16. Natural Selection • Darwin thought that there must be a force in nature that worked like artificial selection. • That force came to be known as Natural Selection, the basis for evolution.

  17. Individuals struggle to survive • Competition for food (plants) • Escaping from predators • Finding Mates • Locating Shelter

  18. Natural Selection http://www.nmsu.edu/~molbio/dog/nature.htm

  19. Direct Evidence for Evolution • Mimicry – Structural Adaptation evolved in some species where one species resembles another. • Camouflage – Structural adaptation that enables a species to blend with their surroundings • Bacterial resistance

  20. Mimicry

  21. Mimicry

  22. Mimicry Fly Hornet

  23. Camouflage

  24. Camouflage

  25. Why does this frog have funky skin?

  26. Why does this fish have a large dot on its back?

  27. Bacteria (Direct Evidence)

  28. Evidence Of Evolution • Fossils • Homologous Structures • Analogous Structures • Vestigial Structures • Embryological Similarities • Macromolecule (DNA, RNA, Proteins) Similarities

  29. Fossils

  30. Fossils

  31. Camels

  32. Homologous Structures • Structures with common evolutionary origins. Can be similar in arrangement, function, or both.

  33. Analogous Structures • Show that the environment selects for certain abilities. • Structures that do not have a common evolutionary origin but are similar in function

  34. Analagous Structures

  35. Vestigial Structures • Body structure that has no function in a present day organism but was probably useful to an ancestor.

  36. Vestigial Structures

  37. Vestigial Structures

  38. Vestigial Structures Human Vestigial Structures

  39. Embryology

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