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Submitted To;- Dr. S.K.Shahi

Solid Waste &its Management. Submitted To;- Dr. S.K.Shahi. Submitted By ;- Brijesh Kumar. Waste- Definition & Classification. Any material which is not needed by the owner, producer or processor. Classification Domestic waste Factory waste Waste from oil factory E-waste

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Submitted To;- Dr. S.K.Shahi

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  1. Solid Waste &its Management Submitted To;- Dr. S.K.Shahi Submitted By ;- Brijesh Kumar

  2. Waste- Definition & Classification Any material which is not needed by the owner, producer or processor. Classification • Domestic waste • Factory waste • Waste from oil factory • E-waste • Construction waste • Agricultural waste • Food processing waste • Bio-medical waste • Nuclear waste

  3. Solid Waste

  4. Characteristics of Municipal Solid Waste Compostable / Bio-degradable = 30% - 55% matter (can be converted into manure) Inert material = 40% - 45% (to go to landfill) Recyclable materials = 5% - 10% (Recycling) These percentages vary from city to city depending on food habits

  5. WASTE MANAGEMENT • Solid waste management can be done by following methods - • Source reduction • Recycling • Land filling • Combustion • Composting • waste management Treatment should be : • (i) Technically sound • (ii) Financially viable • (iii) Eco-friendly / Environmental friendly • (iv) Easy to operate & maintain by local community • (v) Long term sustainability

  6. Source reduction :- - Source reduction refers to any change in the design, manufacture, purchase, or use of materials or products (including packaging) to reduce their amount or toxicity before they become municipal solid waste.

  7. Recycling :- Recycling: Processing of a waste item into usable forms. Benefits of recycling: -Reduce environmental degradation -Making money out of waste -Save energy -creates jobs -stimulate development of greener technology -reduces the need for new land fills contributors Saving through recycling: -When Al is resmelted- considerable saving in cost -Making paper from waste saves 50% energy -Every tonne of recycled glass saves energy equivalent to 100 litres of oil

  8. Recycling :-

  9. Collection & Recycling of Waste Materials

  10. A landfill, also known as a dump, rubbish dump or both, Rubbish Landfill Dump (and historically as a midden), is a site for the disposal of waste Land fills are the engineered area . Pretreatment :- Sorting of the waste Mechanical pulverization Incineration Land fills :-

  11. Land fills :-

  12. Problems of landfills :- • Fires in the waste materials • Increasing in the population of disease vector like flies • Offensive odors • Methane leakage • Leaching of toxic & corrosive materials into surface & under ground waters

  13. Combustion :- • Combustion is a waste treatment process that involves combustion of organic substances contained in waste materials. • Incineration of waste materials converts the waste into ash, gas, and heat. Benefits :- • Reduce the amout of land fills space needed • Reduced the amount of waste up to 90%in volume & 75%in weight.

  14. Combustion :-

  15. Composting :- • Composting decomposed organic waste (food scraps, plant residue ) with microorganism (bacteria, fungi ,actinomyces) produces humus like substances .

  16. Benefits :- • Compost is best alternative inorganic fertilizer for agricultural . • Cheapest then other organic manure . • It solved the disposal problems of municipal waste . • Easy available • Improve physical condition & nutrients availability of soil . • improve water retention capacity of soil • Serve as a source of energy for growth of microorganism • It act as a buffering agent in the soil .

  17. Recommendation before apply in agriculture field :- • The segregation of waste from bio & non biodegradable waste includeing of removal of plastics glass ,cloths &leather ,cardboard pieces &metal are extremely important before composting .

  18. Biodegradable plastics. • Examples of biodegradable plastics • While aromatic polyesters are almost totally resistant to microbial attack, most aliphatic polyesters are biodegradable due to their potentially hydrolysable ester bonds: • Naturally Produced: Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) like the poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), polyhydroxyvalerate (PHV) and polyhydroxyhexanoate (PHH); • Renewable Resource: Polylactic acid (PLA); • Synthetic: Polybutylene succinate (PBS), polycaprolactone (PCL)... • Polyanhydrides • Polyvinyl alcohol • Most of the starch derivatives • Cellulose esters like cellulose acetate and nitrocellulose and their derivatives (celluloid).

  19. Continue

  20. My opinions • Portable packing. • Mud pots should be use. • Social awareness. • Children using materials should be eco friendly. • Dustbins should be placed in public places and roads & in colleges, hostels etc. • Progress should be taken in biodegradable plastics. • Control should be on corruption. • Repair the electrical instruments like radios, TV. ,computers etc.

  21. Reference :- • Maier ,pepper Environmental microbiology www.wikipedia.com

  22. THANKS

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