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OSBI Toxicology Lab

OSBI Toxicology Lab. Current Technologies for Blood Testing Robert G. Weston Forensic Toxicologist. We are…. Seven full-time toxicologists One part-time technician Combined 90 years of tox experience. What law enforcement officers do…. Recent DUI caseload. DUI cases submitted:

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OSBI Toxicology Lab

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  1. OSBI Toxicology Lab Current Technologies for Blood Testing Robert G. Weston Forensic Toxicologist

  2. We are… • Seven full-time toxicologists • One part-time technician • Combined 90 years of tox experience

  3. What law enforcement officers do…

  4. Recent DUI caseload • DUI cases submitted: • 2011 – 3987 cases • 2010 – 3951 cases • 2009 – 3854 cases • 2008 – 3768 cases • 2007 – 3217 cases

  5. Unlike CSI, we… • must separate the drugs from the blood through sample preparation. • set up the analysis and wait for the data to be collected. • review and interpret the data. • do not know everything about every drug seen in the blood. • determine the identity of substances we haven’t seen before. • do not have a universal test that is effective for all drugs.

  6. Everyone knows how drugs get in…

  7. …but how do we get them out???

  8. Composition of blood • Red blood cells (40-50% of blood volume) • White blood cells (1 % of blood volume) • Platelets • Plasma • Water (>92%) • Sugars • Lipids • Vitamins • Minerals • Hormones • Enzymes • Antibodies • Proteins

  9. Volatiles analysis • Blood placed into a vial • Internal standard is added • Vial is heated • Only volatile components evaporate into the headspace • Alcohols (ethanol, methanol, isopropyl) • Acetone • Toluene • Difluoroethane (from spray dusters)

  10. Volatiles analysis • A portion of the headspace gas is introduced into a gas chromatograph • Comparison is made between the sample and known standards • Quantification of ethanol • Identification of other volatiles

  11. ELISA Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

  12. ELISA • Presumptive for classes of compounds • Eight classes currently tested for are • Barbiturates • Benzodiazepines • Carisoprodol/meprobamate • Cocaine/benzoylecgonine • Phencyclidine • Phenethylamines (meth) • Opiates • Tetrahydrocannabinols (marijauna) • Results must be confirmed by a chromatography/mass spectrometry method

  13. At OSBI, all confirmatory testingin toxicology involves… CHROMATOGRAPHY

  14. The separation process Injector Detector MP SP Column

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