Art & Architecture

1. Art & Architecture During the World War Eras

2. Movements • Fauvist Movement, 1905-1908 • Cubist Movement, 1900s-1930s • Dada Movement, 1916-1922 • Surrealist Movement, 1920s-1960s • Social Commentary Movement, 1900s-1950s • Bauhaus/International Style, 1920s-1930s

3. Fauvist Movement • Asserts the right of the artist to reshape the world according to his/her subjective vision • typified by bright colors, bold shapes, & passionate brushstrokes

4. Henri Matisse • 1869-1954 • Exemplifies Fauvist Movement • influenced by Cezanne & Gauguin • later uses collage to intensify contrasts of color in his work

5. Matisse

6. Cubist Movement • Shows artist’s conception of a new world with own system of order • reduces nature to basic shapes

7. Georges Braque • Considered by some art historians to precede Picasso in coining term and movement • focuses on simultaneous views of object

8. Braque

9. Pablo Picasso • Most famous cubist artist • has Blue Period & Rose Period • influenced by African tribal art • synthetic and analytic cubism

10. Picasso’s Works

11. Dada Movement • Short movement • focuses on machine-produced utilitarian articles as art • Bauhaus Movement grows out of this, as well as modern art

12. Surrealist Movement • Mocks the rationalist views of Western Civilization • focuses on dreams and irrational thoughts • Movement is still in evidence today

13. Rene Magritte • Considered first surrealist • attempted to show dream experiences in which recognizable forms appear in surprising combinations

14. Magritte’s Works

15. Salvador Dali • Most famous surrealist • neuroses show in much of art work • scientific developments also show in artwork

16. Dali’s Works

17. Joan Miro • surrealist • borders on modern art due to lack of common ground with viewer • also produced ceramic works

18. Miro’s Works

19. Social Commentary Movement • Points out injustices through artwork • Examples of Spanish Civil War, World War I, and Latin American problems

20. Social Commentary Works

21. Bauhaus/International Style • Follows Dada Movement in art • Focuses on idea of “art follows function” • No need for ornamentation • lays groundwork for Modern Architecture Movement

22. Walter Gropius • Leader of Bauhaus Movement • detested ornamentation • nicknamed the Silver Prince • designed the Bauhaus building

23. Gropius’ Work

24. Adolf Loos • Wrote “Ornamentation and Crime” • known for stark, box-like geometric forms that use proportions for aesthetic value • One of Bauhaus leaders

25. Ludwig Mies van der Rohe • Leader of Bauhaus Movement • uses cantilevered floor and glass curtain walls • focuses on horizontal forms • emigrates from Germany in 1933

26. Mies’ Works

27. Le Corbusier • Born as Charles Eduoard Jeanneret • uses standardized parts whenever possible • many projects never built because of impracticality

28. Le Corbusier’s Works

29. Frank Lloyd Wright • “form to be determined by function” • influenced by Japanese and Mayan architecture • coins term “organic architecture” • eccentric, famous American architect

30. Wright’s Works

31. Conclusion • These movements characterized the time periods between the two World Wars • Each movement was a reaction to the uncertainty of the world due to war, scientific and psychological landmarks • Each movement focused on the viewpoint of the artist, not the viewer