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Atomic Theory

Atomic Theory. History of Atom. Early Greeks believed that matter consisted of tiny particles – they called the “atoms”. John Dalton. English school teacher in 1800’s Proposed atomic theory. Dalton’s Atomic Theory. All matter is composed of tiny particles called atoms

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Atomic Theory

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  1. Atomic Theory

  2. History of Atom • Early Greeks believed that matter consisted of tiny particles – they called the “atoms”

  3. John Dalton • English school teacher in 1800’s • Proposed atomic theory

  4. Dalton’s Atomic Theory • All matter is composed of tiny particles called atoms • Atoms of a given element have the same size, mass, and physical properties • Atoms cannot be subdivided, created, or destroyed

  5. Atoms can combine in simple, whole-number ratios to form compounds • In chemical reactions, atoms can combine, separate, or rearrange

  6. Dalton’s Theory Today • Dalton’s theory still holds true today with a few exceptions • Atoms can be subdivided in nuclear reactions • Atoms of he same element can have different masses – they are called Isotopes

  7. Law of Conservation of Mass • Matter and its mass cannot be created or destroyed

  8. Law of Definite Composition • In a compound, the ratio of atoms is always the same • For example: water (H2O) always has a mass ratio of 1:8 • In water there is always 1 gram of water for 8 grams of oxygen

  9. Law of Multiple Proportions • Two or more different compounds are composed of the same 2 elements, they are whole number ratios of each other

  10. Which of the following is not part of Dalton’s Atomic Theory • Matter is made of atoms • Atoms can be subdivided • Atoms combine or separate in chemical reactions • Atoms cannot be created or destroyed

  11. In water, the mass ratio of hydrogen to oxygen is 1:8. If you have 10 grams of hydrogen in a sample of water, how many grams of oxygen is there • 16 • 32 • 80 • 800

  12. In a chemical reaction 15 g of A combine with 30 g of B to form compound AB. What is the mass of AB?

  13. If the mass ratio is 3:2 in compound AB, what is the ratio is compound AB2? 3:___

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