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500 pound gorilla vs. 150 pound human

500 pound gorilla vs. 150 pound human. How much do each of their brains weigh?. Gorilla’s Brain = 1 pound. Human’s Brain = 3 pounds. Brain to Body Ratio 1:500. Brain to Body Ratio 3:150. If the human brain were of the same ratio as the gorilla’s, our brain would only weigh 5 ounces!.

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500 pound gorilla vs. 150 pound human

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  1. 500 pound gorilla vs. 150 pound human

  2. How much do each of their brains weigh?

  3. Gorilla’s Brain = 1 pound Human’s Brain = 3 pounds

  4. Brain to Body Ratio 1:500 Brain to Body Ratio 3:150 If the human brain were of the same ratio as the gorilla’s, our brain would only weigh 5 ounces!

  5. It’s an amazing 3 pound mass that separates us from all other animals! If you were to compare humans to other animals in any other area (strength, endurance, vision, hearing, and so on) humans would seem less remarkable.

  6. OBJECTIVES: ● List consequences that can occur if the frontal lobe is damaged. ● Discover how verbal tasks interfere with right-handed motor skills – results of the Kinsbourne & Cook study (1971) ● Describecondition known as agnosia. ● Identify which parts of the brain were activated while viewing a video clip.

  7. Temporal Lobe “Hearing” Demonstration (Humming the Star Spangled Banner)

  8. FRONTAL LOBE • CORE OF THE PERSONALITY

  9. FRONTAL LOBEIf damaged, here’s a likely list of consequences: • Inappropriate emotions • Socially unacceptable behaviors (usually meaning fewer inhibitions) • Inability to make long-range plans • Easily distracted • Difficulty integrating facts

  10. FRONTAL LOBE Example of a person with frontal lobe damage: He/she goes into the bedroom to make the bed, becomes distracted by the wallpaper, which he/she decides need to be changed, and rips it down!

  11. Hemisphere Dominance Demonstration

  12. Kinsbourne & Cook Study - 1971 Subjects completed a verbal task while balancing a wooden rod on either the left or the right finger. Subjects were able to balance the rod longer on their left finger than on their right. Apparently, a verbal task (left-hemisphere skill) interferes with a right-handed motor skill (a left-hemisphere motor-strip task).

  13. Imagine gazing at a running shoe, taking in the laces and the color of the stripes, drawing the shoe on a big piece of paper with crayons, yet not being able to identify the object as a shoe…

  14. AGNOSIA…. AKA: Mindblindness - Results from brain injury

  15. If a person with agnosia is able to feel the object (however), he/she can then name the object without hesitation. Several senses need to be stimulated in order for a whole picture to develop. Some people develop facial agnosia, where they may not be able to identify their own family members until they hear their voices.

  16. OBJECTIVES: ● Describe what the Broca’s area is and results if the area is damaged. ● Discover which of your motor strips is dominant. ● Describe the Mozart effect. ● Name/list famous left-handed people. ● Describe what split brain is & how it affects a person with a split brain.. ● Discover how to utilize both sides of the brain while taking notes.

  17. Wernicke’s Area Broca’s Area

  18. Question: If both a woman and a man have a stroke that damages this area (Broca’s area), who is more likely to recover?

  19. Question: If both a woman and a man have a stroke that damages this area (Broca’s area), who is more likely to recover? Brain imaging techniques reveal that many women process speech and language in both hemispheres, so a woman is much more likely to recover her verbal skills.

  20. WERNICKE’S area is located in the left temporal lobe and is involved in the process of understanding (processing) words we hear spoken.

  21. Exploration – Motor Strip Dominance Make tallies under these categories: Left Right No Preference when I ask you the following questions……. (Go with what comes first/naturally.)

  22. Exploration – Motor Strip Dominance • Which hand do you write with? • Which hand holds scissors? • Which hand holds a hammer? • Which arm goes first into a jacket? • Which arm goes into the loop of a backpack/book bag first? • Which hand is on top when you clap? • Which hand deals out cards? • Which foot kicks a ball?

  23. Kasey Kahne David Archuleta & & Tom Cruise

  24. In 1998, Governor Zell Miller of Georgia made sure every baby born in his state received an audiotape with classical music on it. A number of studies have show the positive effects music can have on the brain and this was one attempt at applying some of these findings.

  25. THE MOZART EFFECT Study done at the University of California at Irvine. Researchers found that listening to Mozart prior to completing a spatial task improved spatial reasoning.

  26. SPLIT BRAIN • David McNeil (@University of Chicago) • Left-Hemisphere seems to specialize in linguistic coding: Syntax & Grammar • Right-Hemisphere seems to specialize in imagery, which may be reflected through gestures. • During discourse, it’s common for split-brain patients to speak, pause, then gesture, then resume speaking again. • CONCLUSION: BOTH HEMISPHERES ARE INVOLVED IN LANGUAGE.

  27. SPLIT BRAIN – Story Problem Split-Brain Sam is blind-folded. With his LEFT hand, he picks up a bell. He feels it… He rings it…. He knows it’s a bell. Would he be able to SAY it is a bell?

  28. SPLIT BRAIN – Story Problem (Answer) Since he CAN HEAR it, since BOTH EARS hear the bell, both hemispheres also “hear” it, and the talking left-hemisphere would be able to say, “It’s a bell.” HOWEVER, if he just picked it up and did NOT ring it, Split-Brain Sam probably would NOT be able to verbalize that the object name is “bell.”

  29. Kent State (Front Campus)

  30. HIPPOCAMPUS = MEMORIES Kent State (Front Campus)

  31. CHAPTER3 Thebrain is remarkable in what it can do. This lecture will show that the brain plays an important part in everything we think and do. Brain, Body and Behavior EXIT

  32. CHAPTER3 Thebrain is remarkable in what it can do. This lecture will show that the brain plays an important part in everything we think and do. Brain, Body and Behavior EXIT

  33. Cerebral Cortex The cerebral cortex is the outermost layer of the brain and controls very high level thought processes. EXIT

  34. Front The Corpus Callosum is a thin band of tissues inside the fissure. Left Right Rear EXIT

  35. Tasks of the Cerebral Hemispheres The brain is divided into halves. Each half, or hemisphere, controls the opposite side of the body. EXIT

  36. The Lower Brain The cerebral cortex covers, protects, and influences the lower brain structures. Cerebral cortex Corpus callosum Thalamus Hypothalamus Hippocampus Pituitary Cerebellum Reticular activating system Amygdala Click for more information. Cerebral cortex Hypothalamus Thalamus Cerebellum EXIT

  37. The thalamus acts as a relay station to send incoming and outgoing messages to appropriate areas in the brain. The Lower Brain Cerebral cortex Corpus callosum Thalamus Hypothalamus Hippocampus Pituitary Cerebellum Reticular activating system Amygdala Click for more information. Cerebral cortex Hypothalamus Thalamus Cerebellum EXIT

  38. The hypothalamus controls hunger, pleasure, thirst, rage, and sexual desire. The Lower Brain Cerebral cortex Corpus callosum Thalamus Hypothalamus Hippocampus Pituitary Cerebellum Reticular activating system Amygdala Click for more information. Cerebral cortex Hypothalamus Thalamus Cerebellum EXIT

  39. The cerebellum helps you to stand upright and keeps your movements coordinated. The Lower Brain Cerebral cortex Corpus callosum Thalamus Hippocampus Hypothalamus Pituitary Cerebellum Reticular activating system Amygdala Click for more information. Cerebral cortex Hypothalamus Thalamus Cerebellum EXIT

  40. Other Lower Brain Structures The Limbic System is involved with basic emotions and memory. Two important structures include the amygdala (emotional responses and aggression) the hippocampus (the formation of new memories) The Reticular Activating System keeps track of nerve impulse activity and helps regulate how alert or sleepy we feel. EXIT

  41. Brain Communication A NEURON is a nerve cell. It is the smallest part of the nervous system. EXIT

  42. Dendrites branch off the body of the neuron and receive impulses from other neurons. Brain Communication EXIT

  43. Axons gather impulses from dendrites and carry them to other neurons. Brain Communication EXIT

  44. The synapse is the space between the axon of the sending neuron and the dendrites of the receiving neuron. Brain Communication EXIT

  45. Neurotransmitters are messenger molecules (pain, pleasure, movement) EXIT

  46. Acetylcholine • sends information to other nerve cells when some part of the body moves • can affect memory • production of this neurotransmitter can be shut down by food poisoning • Dopamine • involved in movement • a shortage can cause Parkinson’s disease • Endorphins • relieve pain and • increase the sense of well-being (“natural morphine”) EXIT

  47. The Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems EXIT

  48. The Nervous System EXIT

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