Monday 3/10/14

1. Monday 3/10/14 RAP How did Americans at home help the war effort? Give at least 3 examples How did Arizona support the war effort that is different than what you listed above? Today: Review Ch. 16.1 & 2 Present Battles– D-day, Battle of the Bulge, Iwo Jima Video on Minorities in WWII—add to your notes

2. Ch. 16 War on the Home Front Mobilizing the Home Front Office of Civilian Defense (OCD) Asked Americans to contribute “an hour a day for the U.S.A.” Americans to grow “victory gardens” So food can go to troops Scrap drives – metal, rubber, newspapers, tin, etc. Rationing – to help pay for the war Buying war bonds

3. Media in the war • Helped keep Americans informed about the war. • Filmmakers created WWII movies • Bombing of Honolulu, Yellow Peril, My Four Years in Japan

4. Bonus: Where do I have a picture of Rosie the Riveter? First to raise their hand and get it right gets a bathroom pass. New Workers • Women joined the labor force. • Working in war plants • Rosie the Riveter —working in plants as welders, riveters, and mechanics. • Received 60% less pay than men.  • Little job security • War was over they were expected to give up their jobs so men could get back to work.

5. Ch. 16.2—Americans on the move • Boomtowns • Small towns growing into industrial cities • Problems—lack of medical, housing, overcrowded schools, etc. • Racial Riots • Detroit • Bloody Monday • Crowds of whites roamed downtown streets of Detroit looking for African Americans to beat or kill. • Zoot Suit Riots • Hispanics working in industrial and manufacturing jobs. • White sailors and zoot-suits clashed in Los Angeles. • Sailors blamed zoot-suiters for robbing and stabbing military personnel. • Police arrested zoot – suiters and not white sailors.

6. African American Student • “Mr. Roosevelt Regrets” What’d you get, black boy, When they knocked you down in the gutter, And they kicked your teeth out, And they broke your skull with clubs, And they bashed your stomach in? What’d you get when the police shot you in the back, And they chained you to the beds While they wiped the blood off? What’d you get when you cried Out to the Top Man? When you called the man next to God, As you thought, And you asked him to speak out to save you? What’d the Top Man say, black boy? Mr. Roosevelt regrets…

7. Families and stresses: • Latchkey children • Juvenile delinquency increased • Helped with scrap drives, watched war movies • New Deal Ends • Shelved reforms that could interfere with war production. • Child labor laws changed so teenagers could work. • Continued the role of government in economic spending. • Americans suffered from housing shortages, overcrowding, a breakdown of law and order, and juvenile delinquency during the war.

8. Civil Rights and War • Hitler and white Americans were similar with racial views. • By the 1940s scholars considered doctrines of racial supremacy to be unscientific and false. • Double V campaign—Victory in war and Victory at home….equality. • Japanese Internment- Civil liberties denied. • Executive Order 9066— • Hirabayashi v. U.S. –civil liberties not violated • Korematsu v. U.S. –upheld ruling largely on the grounds of not second guessing the military.

9. Presentations of Battles and minorities • Battles • D-day • Battle of the Bulge • Iwo Jima • Minorities • Navajo Code talkers • 442n Infantry Battalion • 761st Tank battalion • Hispanic Americans • Tuskegee Airmen • Women in the military • Prisoner of war camps in Japan –Put on back of note sheet • Great Escape and camps in Germany—Put on back of note sheet

10. Minority poster • Each group will get one reading on a unit, group of people, etc. from WWII that they will present to class through a poster on Friday. • Take notes on the reading • Be able to explain to class: • Who they are • Why they are important • Significance in WWII • Create a poster to present to class on Friday. • Title • Who • Why important during WWII • Other important or interesting information • Find pictures online or create your own illustration

11. Minority groups WWII • 442nd Regiment –Japanese Americans • Most decorated unit of WWII • Hispanic Americans —most decorated minority group during WWII • 761st Tank Division—black tank division who were put onto Normandy after D-day also met up and helped push Patton’s 4th infantry through Belgium into Germany—first to meet up with Russians (Ukraine) • Tuskegee Airmen – protected military on the ground…instrumental in many getting through tough areas. • Double V campaign- Victory in WWII and Victory at home. • Navajo Code Talkers-created a code that was unbroken by the Japanese during WWII. Code was classified until 1968; they did not receive the congressional medal of honor until 1992—over 50 years after service. • WAC, WAVES– women who were part of the army and navy during WWII. Worked in administrative fields. • WASP – service pilots—took targets, equipment to bases. Were not acknowledged as part of the military.

12. Minority video As you watch the video on Minority Units please take notes on the following: • Dorie Miller • Alcan Highway • Red Ball Express • 332nd Red Tail • 100th Infantry