1 / 18

Fractures and dislocations

Fractures and dislocations. Z. Rozkydal. Fractures - etiology. Traumatic (acute violence) Pathological (pathological lesion) Stress fractures. Traumatic fracture. Pathological fracture. Tumors Infections Osteopaties Congenital diseases. Stress fracture. Mechanism of injury.

kritchey
Download Presentation

Fractures and dislocations

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Fractures and dislocations Z. Rozkydal

  2. Fractures - etiology • Traumatic (acute violence) • Pathological (pathological lesion) • Stress fractures

  3. Traumatic fracture

  4. Pathological fracture Tumors Infections Osteopaties Congenital diseases

  5. Stress fracture

  6. Mechanism of injury Fractures from direct violence Fractures from indirect violence traction angulation rotation vertical compression torsion

  7. Missile fractures

  8. Mechanism of injury High energy trauma – large lesion of soft tissue Low energy trauma - small lesion of soft tissue

  9. Classification of fractures Incomplete • fissures • infractions - impressions - subperiostal Complete

  10. Classification of fractures Unstable fracture Broken end move May damage soft tissues Stable fracture Broken bone ends do not move

  11. Localisation of fractures epiphysis • Epiphyseal • Metaphyseal • Diaphyseal metaphysis diaphysis metaphysis epiphysis

  12. Clinical symptoms of fractures • Pain and tenderness • Swelling, haematoma, bruising • Deformity, shortening or bending • Crepitus • Difficulty in moving the extremity • A wound – in open fractures • Signs of shock

  13. Open fractures A wound at the fracture site Damage of the skin Damage of the soft tissues Bacterial contamination

  14. First aid It depends on the stage of injury Check the airways Check the breathing Stop bleeding Check the answer of the casualty CPR Support cervical spine Hypovolemic shock- raise the leggs Immobilisation of the extremity Cover the wound with a sterile dressing Check the circulation Pneumothorax

  15. First aid Immobilisation Upper limb- with a sling or bandage Lower limb- secure it to an unaffected one Place padding around the injury for extra support

  16. Injury to the joints Contusion- direct blow Sprain - ligaments, tendons, muscles First aid R- rest the injured part I - apply ice pack or a cold pad C- provide comfortable support E- elevace the injured part

  17. Injury to the joints Subluxation Dislocation Haemarthrosis Signs Pain, difficulty to move, deformity of the joint Keep the casualty still Do not try to reduce it Upper limb- apply a bandage around the chest or apply a sling Lower limb- secure it to the unaffected one Do not allow the casualty to drink or eat

More Related