Global Positioning System Constellation Update Modernization and Policy

1. Global Positioning System Constellation Update Modernization and Policy 3rd GNSS Vulnerability & Solutions Conference Baska, Krk Island, Croatia 6 September 2010 Hank Skalski DOT Liaison to Air Force Space Command U.S. Department of Transportation

2. GPS enables a diverse array of applications Satellite Operations Power Grids Surveying & Mapping Transit Operations NextGen Precision Agriculture Disease Control IntelliDrive TeleComm Trucking & Shipping Personal Navigation Oil Exploration Fishing & Boating

3. Very robust constellation; exceeds user requirements 31 satellites currently in operation 11 GPS IIA 12 GPS IIR 7 GPS IIR-M 1 GPS IIF (set healthy 26 Aug 2010) 4 additional satellites in residual status 1 additional IIR-M waiting to be set healthy Global GPS civil service performance commitment met continuously since December 1993 GPS Constellation Status Baseline Constellation = “24 Expandable”

4. GPS Operational Control Segment (OCS) Alaska England Schriever AFB Colorado S Korea Vandenberg AFB California USNO Cape Canaveral Hawaii Bahrain Kwajalein Ecuador Tahiti Diego Garcia Ascension S Africa Argentina Australia New Zealand Ground Antenna Master Control Station OCS Monitor Station Monitor Station Alternate Master Control Station NGA Monitor Station Ground Antenna Future Monitor Station Master Control Station (Schriever AFB)

5. Current GPS Accuracy N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 7 Signal-in-Space User Range Error is the difference between a GPS satellite’s navigation data (position and clock) and the truth, projected on the line-of-sight to the user 2001 SPS Performance Standard (RMS over all SPS SIS URE) 6 5 2008 SPS Performance Standard (Worst of any SPS SIS URE) 4 RMS SIS URE (m) RMS Signal-in-Space User Range Error (URE), meters 3 Decreasing range error 2 1.6 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 1 0 1990 1992 1994 1996 1997 2001 2004 2006 2008 2009 Selective Availability (SA) System accuracy exceeds published standard

6. GPS Modernization 2005 1995 2014 - 2025 2010 GPS II R / IIR-M GPS IIA GPS III GPS IIF • IIA/IIR capabilities plus • 2nd civil signal (L2C) • M-Code (L1M & L2M) • Standard Service • Single frequency (L1) • Coarse acquisition code navigation • Precise Service • Y-Code (L1Y & L2Y) • Backward compatible • 4th civil signal (L1C) • Increased accuracy • Increased integrity • IIR-M capability plus • 3rd civil signal (L5) • 12 year design life Legacy Control System Architecture Evolution Plan (AEP) Next Generation Control Segment (OCX)

7. Provide continuous worldwide access for peaceful uses, free of direct user charges Encourage compatibility and interoperability with foreign GNSS services Operate and maintain constellation to satisfy civil and national security needs Foreign PNT may be used to strengthen resiliency Invest in domestic capabilities and support international activities to detect, mitigate and increase resiliency to harmful interference Latest U.S. Policy

8. GPS performance is better than ever and will continue to improve Augmentations enable even higher performance New civil GPS signal available now Many additional upgrades scheduled U.S. policy encourages worldwide use of civil GPS and augmentations Permits U.S use of foreign PNT to increase resiliency International cooperation is a priority Compatibility and interoperability are critical Summary

9. For Additional Information… PNT.gov GPS.gov

10. Contact Information Hank Skalski DOT Liaison to Air Force Space Command Air Force Space Command Headquarters AFSPC/OST 150 Vandenberg St., Suite 1105 Peterson AFB, CO 80914 Phone: +01.719.554.2570 Fax: +01.719.554.6719 Email: Hank.Skalski@peterson.af.mil