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REPORT GREECE 03.11.2006 Bucharest, Romania

RESEARCH PROJECT: “ Crime as a cultural problem. The relevance of perceptions of corruption to crime prevention. A comparative cultural study in the EU-candidate states and the EU-states Germany, Greece and UK”. REPORT GREECE 03.11.2006 Bucharest, Romania. Introduction.

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REPORT GREECE 03.11.2006 Bucharest, Romania

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  1. RESEARCH PROJECT:“Crime as a cultural problem. The relevance of perceptions of corruption to crime prevention. A comparative cultural study in the EU-candidate states and the EU-states Germany, Greece and UK” REPORT GREECE 03.11.2006 Bucharest, Romania

  2. Introduction • Since 1990s "corruption" became an issue of public concern in Greece • The term did not exist in the legislation until recently • Greece ratified relevant European and International conventions following the trends of recent years

  3. Methodology I • the process of selection of the case studies: covering as many TG as possible • the process of data generation: to be qualitative adequate and quantitative sufficient

  4. Methodology II • analysis with Atlas-ti • two-level analysis with Atlas-ti: a) coding by each researcher b) coding revision by the coordinator • each group member sketched a draft • Final report

  5. Case Studies 1st case study It refers to alleged "black" accounts of the right wing party and its President in the beginning of the 1990s

  6. Case Studies 2nd case study Claims of illegal naturalization of foreign nationals (declared as of Greek origin), occurred after the 2000 General elections

  7. Target GroupPolitics I • the debate on corruption is party-political • “corruption” is related to “misgovernment” • denial of responsibility, mutual condemnation

  8. Target GroupPolitics II • emotionally loaded rhetoric • media-like discourse • borrow the meaning from media and …

  9. Target GroupPolitics III - Public Administration • PA receives the strongest criticism as being the basic impediment to transparency • Controllers’ Body Texts: rare use of "corruption", mainly associated with misgovernance and bureaucracy • high ranking public employees adopt international reports without reflecting their experience as public officers, reproducing a gap between the controlled and the controllers

  10. Target GroupsPolice I • rhetoric and descriptive statements on state and ethics • “corruption” indicates citizens’ distrust to the state AND state’s inefficiency

  11. Target GroupPolice II • focuses on corrupt practices of Public Administration • police corruption “occasional and not structural” • support self-monitoring and not external performance measurement

  12. Target GroupJustice • limited discourse on corruption • discourse adherent to legalese • however, not always impartial… related to morals, implying demerit

  13. Target GroupMedia I • “corruption”: a newsstory • “corruption”: a social illness • either exaggerating or underestimating

  14. Target GroupMedia II • acceptance of the International Reports on corruption without comment • no discourse • reproduction of the International Reports… …and everyday theories and stereotypes • …the Media borrow the meaning from Politics

  15. Target GroupCivil Society • discourse based on well documented argumentation • However, in some aspects NGOs reproduce the stereotypes on corruption (“fight …and battle against corruption”) • efforts for a clear-cut role in the area

  16. Target GroupEconomy I • one-sided analysis of “corruption” • with an illustration of managerial language on state reinvention, entrepreneurial government etc.

  17. Target GroupEconomy II • “corruption” as the outcome of political party interests, social class interests and complicated legislation • State the "Offender" – Private Economy the "Victim" of corruption • a cost-effective approach coming from the private sector is considered as the only solution for successful state policies against corruption

  18. Conclusions I • “corruption”, “merging of interests”, “misgovernment” (except the legal system) • "corruption" = SOCIAL ILLNESS, disease, "social cancer ", occasionally as social phenomenon and by-product of modern societies

  19. Conclusions II • public administration: the main responsible for corruption in Greece? • private sector: the main victim of corruption in Greece? • an effort for a clear-cut role in the discourse on corruption by all target groups

  20. Conclusions III • official perceptions of corruption in Greece follow the international reports on corruption discourse • a “bottom-up” approach to corruption questionable

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