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Genetics Review

Genetics Review. Ms. Edmondson. Question #1. What does the term phenotype mean? Answer: How a trait appears/looks. Question #2. What does the term genotype mean? Answer: The group of genes that make up a trait (the letters). Question #3. What does a capital letter mean? Answer:

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Genetics Review

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  1. Genetics Review Ms. Edmondson

  2. Question #1 What does the term phenotype mean? Answer: How a trait appears/looks

  3. Question #2 What does the term genotype mean? Answer: The group of genes that make up a trait (the letters)

  4. Question #3 What does a capital letter mean? Answer: It means the allele is dominant

  5. Question #4 If an allele is recessive how many copies of the allele are needed for it to be expressed? Answer: Two copies (aa-one from mom and one from dad)

  6. Question #5 What type of alleles are known as ‘loud and bossy’? Answer: Dominant alleles

  7. Complete Dominance

  8. Question #6 Purple flowers (P) are dominant to white flowers. Write the genotype of a heterozygous purple flower. Answer: Pp

  9. p P p pp Pp p Pp pp Question #7 Purple flowers (P) are dominant to white flowers. If a white flower is crossed with a heterozygous purple flower, what is the chance of having white flowers? Answer: 50%

  10. p P P Pp PP p Pp pp Question #8 Purple flowers (P) are dominant to white flowers. If two heterozygous flowers are crossed, what is the chance of having white flowers? Answer: 75%

  11. Question #9 Is AA, heterozygous, homozygous dominant or homozygous recessive? Answer: heterozygous dominant

  12. Question #10 If red colored dragons are dominant to orange colored dragons what is the phenotype for a dragon who is Rr? Answer: Red

  13. Question #11 If red colored dragons are dominant to orange colored dragons what is the genotype for a dragon who is orange (use R)? Answer: rr

  14. Question #12 What is another name for homozygous? Answer: Purebred

  15. Question #13 What is another name for hybrid? Answer: Heterozygous

  16. G G G GG GG g Gg Gg Question #14 In OompaLoompahs, gray faces (G) are dominant to orange. If a homozygous gray faced male married a heterozygous gray female and they have 6 kids, about how many will have gray faces? Answer: ½ * 6 = 3

  17. g G G Gg GG g Gg gg Question #15 Two heterozygous Oompahs are crossed. What proportion of the offspring will have orange faces? Answer: 75%

  18. Incomplete Dominance

  19. Question #16 In a certain type of fish there are three possible alleles; red, orange, and yellow. Orange is the intermediate of red and orange. Assuming red is R and yellow is Y, what is the genotype for the orange fish? Answer: RY

  20. Y R Y YY RY Y RY YY Question #17 In these same fish where RR- Red, RY- Orange, and YY- Yellow, what are all of the possible phenotypes of an orange fish is mated with a yellow fish? Answer: orange and yellow

  21. Y R R RY RR Y RY YY Question #18 In these same fish where RR- Red, RY- Orange, and YY- Yellow, what are all of the possible genotypes if two orange fish are mated? Answer: RR, RY, YY

  22. R R Y RY RY Y RY RY Question #19 In these same fish where RR- Red, RY- Orange, and YY- Yellow, what are the chances of having yellow fish if a red fish is mated with a yellow fish? Answer: 0%, all would be orange

  23. W R R RW RR R RR RW Question #20 R is red and W is white in 4 o’clocks. If a pink flower is crossed with a red flower what are the chances of getting red flowers? Answer: 50% chance

  24. Codominance

  25. Y P P PY PP Y PY YY Question #21 In heffalumps, pink (P) and yellow (Y) are equally dominant, the heterozygote is spotted. If two spotted heffalumps are mated, what are the changes of getting the yellow gene? Answer: 25% chance

  26. Y P P PY PP P PP PY Question #22 In heffalumps, pink (P) and yellow (Y) are equally dominant, the heterozygote is spotted. If a pink heffalump is mated with a spotted heffalump, what are the changes of getting the yellow gene? Answer: 0% chance

  27. Question #23 In some cattle the color roan is a mixture of red (R) and white (W)? What are the genotypes for the following colors: Red- ____ White- ____ Roan- __ Answer: RR, WW, RW

  28. R R W RW RW W RW RW Question #24 In some cattle the color roan is a mixture of red (R) and white (W)? If a red cow and a white bull are mated, what are the chances of having roan babies? Answer: 100%

  29. Multiple Alleles

  30. Question #25 In humans, blood type is a classic example of a trait inherited by multiple alleles. What does multiple alleles mean? Answer: There are more than two alleles for a trait (within a population).

  31. Question #26 In humans, blood type is a classic example of a trait inherited by multiple alleles. How many different alleles are there? Answer: 3

  32. Question #27 In humans, blood type is a classic example of a trait inherited by multiple alleles. What are the three alleles possible? Answer: A, B, and O

  33. Question #28 In humans, blood type is a classic example of a trait inherited by multiple alleles. How many alleles does each person receive? Answer: 2, one from mom and one from dad

  34. Question #29 Complete the following: Blood Types ____ and ____ are dominant over Type O Answer: A and B

  35. Question #30 Complete the following: Blood Types ____ and ____ are codominantly expressed, meaning they are expressed together Answer: A and B

  36. Question #31 What blood type is known as the universal donor and why? Answer: Type O blood, because it has no antigens on its surface and therefore can be given to any person

  37. Question #32 What blood type is known as the universal receiver and why? Answer: Type AB blood, because it will not react poorly to antigen A or B and a person with this blood type can receive a tranfusion from anyone

  38. A A B AB AB O AO AO Question #33 If a mother is homozygous for type A blood and a father is heterozygous for type B blood, what are the chances of having a child with type O blood? Answer: 0%

  39. Question #34 If a mother has type B blood and her son has type O blood is the mother homozygous B or heterozygous B? Answer: Heterozygous, because he had to get one O from dad and one O from mom

  40. Question #35 A woman and her husband claim that their child was mixed up on the hospital because of its dark hair. The mother has type B blood and the father has type A blood. The alleged child has type O blood. Should the parents be concerned? Answer: No, the mom and dad could both be heterozygous resulting in a child with type O blood.

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