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Epidemiology of Dengue: Past, Present, and Future Outlook

Explore the historical context, current global impact, and future prospects of dengue virus, a prevalent mosquito-borne disease affecting tropical regions. Learn about the rise in severe cases, regional burdens, and potential trends in dengue epidemiology. Discover key insights from various WHO regions.

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Epidemiology of Dengue: Past, Present, and Future Outlook

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  1. Epidemiology of dengue:past, present and future prospects Professor Natasha Evelyn Anne Murray Institute of Public Health University of Heidelberg Heidelberg, Germany

  2. Introduction • Acute mosquito-borne viral infection • Disease burden on many tropical and subtropical regions of the world • 50% world’s population live in dengue endemic countries

  3. Dengue virus • Flaviviridae family, Flavivirus genus • 4 serotypes: DENV-1 to DENV-4

  4. Dengue vector Aedes albopictus Aedes aegypti

  5. Dengue in the past • Last 5 decades • Global dengue incidence increased precipitously • Severe cases expanded • Severe cases • Prior 1970: 9 countries • 1970-1995: quadrupled

  6. Dengue at present • 2012: • 3.97 billion people in 128 endemic countries • 2013: • 390 million apparent & unapparent infections • 500,000 severe cases • 20,000 deaths

  7. WHO Southeast Asia region • 10 endemic countries • 1.3 billion people • Leading cause of hospitalization and death in children • 3-5 year cycles • 4 serotypes presented in 8 hyper-endemic countries • 2010: severe cases • 18 times higher compared with Americas

  8. WHO Western Pacific region • 75% global dengue burden • WHO Western Pacific and Southeast Asia • Cases increased continuously past decade • 2010: 353,907 cases, 1073 deaths • Greatest burden: Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Vietnam • Four serotypes identified

  9. WHO region of the Americas • Hyper-endemic countries • 3-5 year cycles • Increasing frequency and size: Latin America • 2010: • 1.6 millions cases • 49,000 severe cases

  10. WHO African region • 1960-2010 • 22 countries reported sporadic cases and outbreaks • Four serotypes identified • DENV-2 predominant • Misdiagnosed and treated as malaria

  11. WHO European region • 2010: imported cases in Croatia and France • October 2012-February 2013: Madeira Islands, Portugal • 2164 cases • 78 had travel history to Madeira

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