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Aggression العدوان و التهجم

Aggression العدوان و التهجم. Definition Factors causing Aggression (external / Personal) Types Prevention and control. Human Aggression. While it has a biological basis (as a basic instinct), but aggression is primarily under the control of social (إجتماعية) factors Definition :

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Aggression العدوان و التهجم

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  1. Aggressionالعدوان و التهجم

  2. Definition • Factors causing Aggression (external / Personal) • Types • Prevention and control

  3. Human Aggression • While it has a biological basis (as a basic instinct), but aggression is primarily under the control of social (إجتماعية) factors Definition: • Is a Hostile ( التعدى عدوان) behavior intended to injure another person either physically or verbally or to destroy property.

  4. Factors causing aggression :A-External stresses & social factors: • certain stresses (ضغوط)and stimuli (مثيرات)are known to provoke aggression such as: 1-frustration,(الشعوربالإحباط / بالخيبة أو الفشل الدفين) especially when it is massive and Unexpected….fear of losing control 2-Insults( إهانة ) : direct provocation(إثارة و تحفيز)from others, (such as calling one bad names in public) 3-Unpleasant environmental conditions (e.g high temperature, noise and crowding) (Dep.)

  5. 4-Oppression (القمع و القهر)from unjust (ظالمة)authority ((سلطة as events in political conflict (Dep.) 5- Exposure to aggressivemodels exposure for long times to violent computer games or media (إعلام)charged with violence contributes(يساهم) to the occurrence (حدوث)of overt (واضح)aggression. By observation (الملاحظة), imitation (التقليد)and identification (التقمص) 6- Socioeconomic factors : like disruption of family structure or poverty correlates with aggression (Dep.) 7-Availability of weapons as in upper Egypt facilitates(يسهل) aggressive behavior.

  6. B-Personal factors : 1- Heightened (عالية)physiological arousal (يقظة): some persons have a low tolerance(إحتمال) threshold (العتبة : الحد الأدنى لحدوث ظاهرة)and are easily provoked(سهل إستثارتهم) or under the effect of an abnormal biological function. 2-Pain : whether physical or psychological (Dep.) (الألم)facilitate aggression

  7. Types of aggression A-verbal (لفظى)or physical(بدنى) B-active (like insults or even homicide ) or passive (neglect and negativism or provocation) C- Direct (frank overt causing physical pain) or indirect (through not giving someone his right) D-Hostile aggression any form of behavior directed toward the goal (motive) of harming or injuring another living being . Or Instrumental (أداة) aggression (using aggression as a way to satisfy another motive. E.g: one using threats to force others to do his wishes; or a child may use aggression as a way of gaining attention )

  8. Prevention and control of aggression (prophylaxis/ Catharsis/Social skills training/treat Biological/ generate opposite emotions/punishment) I- Prophylactic: (وقاية) prevent as much as possible external and social causes 2- Catharsis: (تفريغ) give a chance for liberating the energy of aggression in praying, sports , watching a movie, keeping a diary and talking. 3- social skills training : (تدريب مهارات الإجتماعية) conflict resolution skills, self worth and respect

  9. 4- Treat Biological factors that reduce impulse control (الإندفاعية) : Applied • if the threshold is lowered by drug abuse (advise treatment) • Post Epileptic fits (ما بعد التشنجات الصرعية) • Atherosclerosis (تصلب الشرايين مع تقدم السن) • if psychiatric illness are known to be associated with symptoms of aggression. paranoid schizophrenia (فصام الإضطهاد الإرتيابى) or mania(نوبة الهوس فى الإكتئاب ثنائى القطب) ( treatment of the disease)

  10. 5-generate opposite emotion: Humor (الفكاهة) , empathy (المواجدة), guilt (تأنيب الضمير مش الذنب ) 6-Punishment: (إدراك طبيعة الخطأ) Punishment is not always preventive for the next aggressive act unless it is • appropriate, (previous notice, never physical , prevent from something liked) • adequate, • clear cut (the aggressor is almost sure of receiving it) • immediately after the aggressive behavior . This helps behavior modification (Learning) rather than revenge(الإنتقام) or sadism ((التلذذ بتأنيب و إيلام و التشفى

  11. Quiz • How to prevent and control aggression?

  12. Assignment • Prevention and control of aggression in human relations or • How to motivate patients • Student Name:

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