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4G Technology

4G Technology. Presented by M.Mani Shankar 149P5A0410. 4G Definition. 4G is not one defined technology or standard, but rather a collection of technologies at creating fully packet-switched networks optimized for data.

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4G Technology

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  1. 4G Technology Presented by M.Mani Shankar 149P5A0410

  2. 4G Definition • 4G is not one defined technology or standard, but rather a collection of technologies at creating fully packet-switched networks optimized for data. • 4G Networks are projected to provide speed of 100Mbps while moving and 1Gbps while stationary.

  3. 0G (Zero Generation Mobile System) • At the end of the 1940’s, the first radio telephone service was introduced, and was designed to users in cars to the public land-line based telephone network. • In the 1960’s, a system launched by Bell Systems, called, Improved Mobile Telephone Service (IMTS), brought quite a few improvements such as direct dialing and more bandwidth. The very first analog systems were based upon IMTS and were created in the late 60s and early 70s.

  4. 1G Technology • 1G refers to the first-generation of wireless telephone technology was developed in 1970’s. • 1G had two major improvements: • the invention of the microprocessor • the digital transform of the control link between the phone and the cell site. • Analog signal

  5. 2G Technology • Around 1980’s • Better quality & capacity - More people could use there phones at the same time • Digital Signals – consist of 0’s & 1’s

  6. Previous Technology - 2G • Digital data can be compressed and multiplexed much more effectively than analog voice encodings • Multiplexing -multiple analog message signals or digital data streams are combined into one signal • For 1 and 2G standards, bandwidth maximum is 9.6 Kbit/sec, (I.E) approximately 6 times slower than an ISDN

  7. Previous Technology - 2G • Allows for lower powered radio signals that require less battery • Power–CODEC introduction -program that encodes and decodes digital data stream or signal • Translates data from digital to analog and vice versa

  8. Previous Technology - 2G

  9. Advantages in Previous Technology - 2G • The digital voice encoding allows digital error checking • increase sound quality • lowers the noise level • Going all-digital allowed for the introduction of digital data transfer • SMS –“short message service” • E-mail

  10. Disadvantages in Previous Technology - 2G • Cell towers had a limited coverage area • Jagged Decay curve • Abrupt dropped calls • Analog –gradual sound reduction • “Spotty” coverage

  11. 3G Technology • Large capacity and broadband capabilities • Allows the transmission of 384kbps for mobile systems and up to 2Mbps • Increased spectrum efficiency –5Mhz • A greater number of users that can be simultaneously supported by a radio frequency bandwidth • High data rates at lower incremental cost than 2G–Global roaming

  12. Previous Technology - 3G • CDMA –Code Division Multiple Access • Form of multiplexing • Does not divide up the channel by time or frequency • Encodes data with a special code associated with each channel

  13. Types of Multiplexing • FDMA – Frequency Division Multiple Access • Each phone call is allocated one frequency for the entire duration of the call • TDMA - Time Division Multiple Access • Each phone call is allocated a spot in the frequency for a small amount of time, and "takes turns" being transmitted • CDMA - Code Division Multiple Access • Each phone call is uniquely encoded and transmitted across the entire spectrum, in a manner known as spread spectrum transmission

  14. Reasons for New Research • Even though 3G has successfully been introduced to mobile users, there are some issues that are debated by 3G providers and users. • High input fees for the 3G service licenses • Great differences in the licensing terms • 3G phones are expensive

  15. What is 4G? • Fourth Generation Technology • Faster and more reliable • 100 Mb/s • Lower cost than previous generations • Multi-standard wireless system • Bluetooth, Wired, Wireless • Ad Hoc Networking • IPv6 Core • OFDM used instead of CDMA • Potentially IEEE standard 802.11n • Most information is proprietary

  16. Communications Architecture • Broadcast layer: • fix access points, (i.e.) cell tower connected by fiber, microwave, or satellite (ISP) • Personal Layer Gateway: • devices that connect to upper layers; cell phone, fax, voice, data modem, MP3 players, PDAs • Info-Sensor layer: • environmental sensors • Fiber-optic wire layer: • high speed subterranean labyrinth of fiber optic cables and repeaters

  17. Enhance Mobile Gaming • Experience enhance wireless capabilities that deliver mobile gaming interaction with less than five seconds • Play online multi player games while traveling at high speeds or sitting outside

  18. Broadband access in Remote location • 4G will provide a wireless alternative for broadband access • I will provide first opportunity for broadband access in remote locations without an infrastructure to support cable or DSL access.

  19. Advantages: Quickly download files over a wireless network Extremely high voice quality Easily access Internet, IM, Social Networks, streaming media, video calling, etc. Higher bandwidth WiMAX, LTE, and HSPA+ are all versions of 4G, WiMAX is used by Sprint, LTE is used by Verizon and AT&T, HSPA+ is used by AT&T and TMobile 4G is 10 times faster than 3G

  20. Disadvantages: New frequencies means new components in cell towers.  Higher data prices for consumers Consumer is forced to buy a new device to support the 4G It is impossible to make your current equipment compatible with the 4G network

  21. Thanking You

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