1 / 16

A Short H istory of Laser

A Short H istory of Laser. H. R. Khalesifard Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences Email: khalesi@iasbs.ac.ir. Stimulated emission, The MASER and The LASER. (1916) The concept of stimulated emission Albert Einstein. E 2. E 2. E 2. E 1. E 1. E 1. Absorption. Spontaneous

kura
Download Presentation

A Short H istory of Laser

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. A Short History of Laser H. R. Khalesifard Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences Email: khalesi@iasbs.ac.ir

  2. Stimulated emission, The MASER and The LASER • (1916) The concept of stimulated emission Albert Einstein

  3. E2 E2 E2 E1 E1 E1 Absorption Spontaneous Emission Stimulated Emission

  4. E2 E1 Stimulated Emission (negative absorption) • (1928) Observation of negative absorption or stimulated emission near to resonant wavelengths, Rudolf Walther Ladenburg

  5. E2, N2 E2, N2 E1, N1 E1,N1 Absorption Stimulated Emission • (1930s) If a physical system be in thermodynamic equilibrium the population inversion and so the stimulated emission is impossible

  6. Light (Microwave) Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation LASER (MASER)

  7. The Maser Left to right: Prokhorov, Townes and Basov at the Lebedev institute (1964 Nobel prize in Physics for developing the “Maser-Laser principle”)

  8. Townes (left) and Gordon (right) and the ammonia maser they had built at Colombia University

  9. The LASER • (1951) V. A. Fabrikant“A method for the amplification of electromagnetic radiation (ultraviolet, visible, infrared, and radio waves)” patented in Soviet Union. • (1958) Townes and Arthur L. Schawlow, “Infrared and Optical Masers,” Physical Review • (1958) Gordon Gould definition of “Laser” as “Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation” • (1960) Schawlow and Townes U. S. Patent No. 2,929,922 • (1960) Theodore Maiman Invention of the first Ruby Laser • (1960) Ali Javan The first He-Ne Laser

  10. Arthur Schawlow adjusting a ruby laser that he made at the Bell Labs in 1960

  11. Maiman and the first ruby laser

  12. Ali Javan and the first He-Ne Laser

  13. The laser cavity length should be multiple of light wavelength

  14. The laser Structure Pump End Mirror Front Mirror Lasing Medium

  15. Properties of Laser Beam A laser beam • Is monochrome • Can be focused in a very small point • Is intense • Is Coherent • Has a very low divergence • Can be compressed in time up to few femto second

  16. Applications of Laser • (1960s) “A solution looking for a problem” • (Present time) Medicine, Research, Supermarkets, Entertainment, Industry, Military, Communication, Art, Information technology, …

More Related