Environmental Practices

1. EnvironmentalPractices McGinnis Institute of Beet Sugar Technology 2014 Mr. Louis Knieper

2. Purpose • Gain familiarity with the environmental issues that affect beet-sugar manufacture • Understanding of why these rules exist • Gain familiarity of how beet-sugar manufactures are complying with the rules • Understand that compliance is not optional

3. Topics • General discussion on the environment • Environmental Rules • Air issues for beet-sugar manufactures • Water issues for beet-sugar manufactures • Solid-waste issues for beet-sugar manufacturers • Enforcement of the rules

4. What is the Environment?

5. What is Pollution?

6. Who is a Polluter?

7. Who Protects the Environmental?

8. What does Toxic Mean?

9. How Much Should Companies Spend on Environmental Protection?

10. Minn-Dak Environmental Spending From: Jeff L. Carlson, VP Operations Sent: Tuesday, March 15, 2005 3:11 PM To: Steve M. Caspers, CFO Cc: David H. Roche, CEO Subject: Environmental Expenses 1997-2005 Total Capital Projects $29.7 million Environmental Projects 5.59 million (18.8% of total capital projects) FY 2004 Environmental Expenses $2,750,000 (this includes all mud, limestone, rock and trash, air pollution control, wastewater processing, permitting and other expenses)

11. “But there are limits to how responsibly companies can behave when behaving responsibly raises their costs and consumers are unwilling to pay higher prices. The most important constraint on the pursuit of virtue is the market” David Vogel, Professor. Haas School of Business, University of California, Berkeley and author of The Market for Virtue: The Potential and Limits of Corporate Social Responsibility

12. Beet Sugar Manufacturing and the Environment

13. Inputs for Beet Sugar Manufacture • Sugarbeets • Fuel • Coal • Natural Gas • Petroleum • Coke • Biofuels • Air • Electricity

14. Inputs for Beet Sugar Manufacture • Limestone • Processing Chemicals • Sulfur or SO2 • Cleaning Chemicals • Filtering Materials • Maintenance Chemicals • Maintenance Items (parts, metal, wood,etc.,)

15. Inputs for Beet Sugar Manufacture • Capital Assets • Buildings • Land • Equipment

16. Factory Inputs to Process 1000 Tons of Sugarbeets

17. Products and Byproducts • Sugar • Pulp (wet or dry) • Molasses • Separator Concentrate

18. Every Step of Beet Sugar Manufacturing Generates Wastes • Piling and Storage • Washing • Diffusion • Pulp Drying • Juice Purification and Evaporation • Crystallization • Steam Production • Wastewater Treatment • Solid Waste Handling • Sugar Packaging • Sugar Shipping

19. Wastes from Piling and Storage of Sugarbeets • dirt and rocks • weeds • beets and beet parts

20. Wastes from Beet Cleaning • dirt and stones • weeds • beets and beet pieces • wastewater

21. Wastes from Diffusion and Purification, Evaporation and Crystallization • Wastelime • Unburned rock from limekiln • Combustion gasses from limekiln • Noncondensable gasses • Spent chemical cleaning solutions • Spent softener regenerating solutions • Condensate

22. Wastes from Pulp Handling and Drying • Discarded pulp • Combustion gasses • Water vapor • Condensed water • Ash • Dust from dust collectors

23. Waste from Steam and Power Generation • Ash • Combustion Gasses • Pollution control wastes (water, dust, chemicals, filters)

24. Wastes from Wastewater Treatment • Sludge (biosolids) • Nutrients • Noxious gasses

25. Other Wastes • Used oil • Discarded parts and equipment • Construction Wastes • Maintenance Wastes • Trash and Garbage • Discarded Beets • Contaminated Storm water • Contaminated Soil

26. 1800 Tons of Environmental Discharges for Processing 1000 Tons of Sugarbeets

27. Beet Sugar Factory Outputs (Percent on Total Tons)

28. Strategies for Handling Environmental Compliance • Prevention • Treatment for Reuse or Release • Release to the Environment • Storage

29. Prevention(avoids the problem of pollutants) • Goes hand-in hand with cost reduction • Fuel efficiency • Lower Wastewater Generation • Can take large capital investment • Steam pulp dryer • Dry beet handling

30. Treatment for Reuse or Release (Removes or reduces pollutants to acceptable levels) • Treatment for Reuse • wastewater • waste lime • Treatment for Release • Stack Gasses • wastewater • Treatment systems often generate their own wastes • dust (particle removal) • sludge (wastewater treatment)

31. Release into Environment • Limited Capacity to accept Pollutants • Highly Regulated • Carefully Monitored

32. Almost all Discharges Are Regulated • EPA • State Department of Health • Tribal Environmental Council • County Board • City Council

33. Penalties for not Obeying Environmental Rules • Civil and Criminal • Fines • Jail • Disqualification • Escalating

34. Discharging to the Environment is Costly • Large Amount of Material • Compliance Costs • Permitting • Pre-discharge costs • Discharge monitoring • Post-discharge costs • Fines if there are problems

35. Temporary and Permanent Storage (Staging Areas, Landfills and Ponds) • Ownership and Operations • Permitting • Ongoing Care • Liability

36. Strategy for Environmental Protection must Balance many Issues • Balance Costs and Benefits • Should fit into larger corporate strategy • Should consider outside stakeholders • Should consider short- and long-term consequences

37. Environmental Stewardship is the Right Thing • Protects Nature • Good Neighbor • Reduces Expenses (can make money) • Prevents Trouble • Part of the Job

38. Questions?