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COP 4343 Unix System Administration

COP 4343 Unix System Administration. Unit 11: Networking basic concepts: IP, TCP, UDP, DHCP devices: setup, status. Ethernet 100Mbs, 1Gbs DSL, cable up to 6Mbs T1 (DS1) 1.5Mbs DS3 45Mbs OCx 50Mbs to 40Gbs. WiFi: 802.11 (a) 6 to 54Mbs (b) 1 to 11Mbs (g) up to 54Mbs (n) more

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COP 4343 Unix System Administration

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  1. COP 4343Unix System Administration Unit 11: Networking basic concepts: IP, TCP, UDP, DHCP devices: setup, status

  2. Ethernet 100Mbs, 1Gbs DSL, cable up to 6Mbs T1 (DS1) 1.5Mbs DS3 45Mbs OCx 50Mbs to 40Gbs WiFi: 802.11 (a) 6 to 54Mbs (b) 1 to 11Mbs (g) up to 54Mbs (n) more WiMax: 802.16 386Kbs to 10Mbs Modem 56Kbs Networking Technologies

  3. Network Devices • ethernet card • eth0 • point-to-point protocol • ppp0 • used to connect a modem to an ISP • loop back • lo • uniquely identified via MAC address

  4. numbers to know: IP 32bit unique identifier, written as quad network first n bits of IP number, written as “/n” 8 - class A, 16 - class B, 24 - class C more than 24 - class D netmask 32 bit number with first n bits all 1, rest 0 broadcast network number (first n bits), rest all 1 gateway IP name server IP 131.94.134. 1 to 14 /28 131.94.134.15 131.94.134.1 131.94.134.129 Basic concepts: IP

  5. ip protocols • icmp: Internet control message protocol • control protocol • ping, traceroute • tcp: transmission control protocol • connection oriented, guaranteed delivery • basis for: http, ftp, smtp, ssh • udp: user datagram protocol • best effort • basis for: dns, rtp

  6. dhcp • dynamic host configuration protocol • client obtains network setup from server • assignment has duration: lease • client • dhclient • server • dhcpd

  7. Network Configuration • ifconfig • parameters: • network interface, IP address, mask, mtu, etc. • without parameters: • status of all configured network interfaces • route to gateway • route add default gw 131.94.134.1 eth0 • name servers or /etc/hosts • /etc/resolv.conf

  8. Network Configuration Scripts • /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yesHOSTNAME=instructor.ege.com • /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts • ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE=eth0 BOOTPROTO=dhcp ONBOOT=yes

  9. ifcfg-eth0 example DEVICE=eth0BROADCAST=192.168.1.255IPADDR=192.168.1.100NETMASK=255.255.255.0NETWORK=192.168.1.0ONBOOT=no

  10. Manual management • ifup • ifdown • for specific device • ifdown eth0 • ifup eth0

  11. Network Troubleshooting • route • display kernel routing table • ping • send control packet to host • traceroute • check intermediate nodes on path to host • arp • check MAC address vs. IP number

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