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UNIX System Administration

UNIX System Administration. System Administration Essentials (BSD, SVR5, POSIX). Course Introduction. Networking Sendmail AdminTool Custom Built Power Tools Internet Security Latest & Greatest. History UNIX Architecture Environments Open Windows UNIX Internals Hardware

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UNIX System Administration

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  1. UNIX System Administration System Administration Essentials (BSD, SVR5, POSIX)

  2. Course Introduction • Networking • Sendmail • AdminTool • Custom Built • Power Tools • Internet • Security • Latest & Greatest • History • UNIX • Architecture • Environments • Open Windows • UNIX Internals • Hardware • Installation • Peripherals

  3. UNIX History • AT&T multi-user needs • Berkeley, POSIX, System V • Acronym city

  4. UNIX Systems • text: vi, sed, awk, perl • file: dd, cpio, tar • help: man, info, answerbook, RFC • admin: cron, at, passwd, mount, mkfs • system: tmp, swap, devs, tty, spool, syslog • environment: flavours, paths, shells, init

  5. Client / Server Architecture • startup / shutdown: /etc/init.d, rc.local • kernel: process table, /proc, protection, modular, multitasking • Applications: daemons, inetd, services, GNU • system: users, groups • net: MBONE, NFS, tftp, diskless, X • NIS: yp, auto.home, aliases

  6. Environments • homogeneous / heterogeneous • libraries: static, dynamic, implications • file systems: /, /usr, /tmp, /var, /home • root: booting requirements • config: headless, console, diskless • net: X, MOTIF, CDE, thin clients

  7. Open Windows (X) • MIT: X Server / client • Manager: OLWM, FVWM, TWM • libs: X, OpenLook, MOTIF • startup, autostart apps, prefs • terminals: X-Term, Mac-X, Win-X

  8. System Internals • disks: file systems, inodes, partition, format • devices: /dev/, MAKEDEV • ttys: real, pseudo, running out • Protocols: SNMP, TCP/IP, UDP, ICMP • DNS: ARPANET, authority, forward, reverse, Internic

  9. Hardware • internals: disks, drives, bus, architecture • handling: static, magnets, grounding • peripherals: power order, serial port, keyboard • horses: bandwidth, clock, BUS, CPU • Vendors: x86, Alpha, IBM, PPC, Sparc, Ultra • requirements: multi-CPU OS, fault tolerant

  10. Installing Solaris • types: quick, custom, remote/local • background: manual, plan, network, disks • what do I need / want (packages) • Mohawk, Apache and patching • Upgrades: (un)patch, migration & upgrade • motivation: ________?

  11. Peripherals • serial: modems, cua devices, mice • printers: local, network, protocols, queues • BSD: lpd, /etc/printtab, filters, hosts • SVR5: lp, lpsched, /var/spool/lp • external: tapes, hard drives, SCSI, IDE • Storage: arrays, fiber, RAID, tape robots and automounters, juke boxes, … • fault tolerant: RAID, fail over, hot swapable, OS

  12. Networking • history & bodies, SNA, ARPANET, IP, LAT, DECNET • Ethernet: 10bT, 10b2, 10b5, FAST, Token Ring, FDDI, Sonet, ATM, Ubiquity • ISO, OSI and TCP/IP, IPX, CAP and SMB • topology, efficiency, bridging vs. routing • protocols: DHCP, PPP, encapsulation • packet vs. switched: X.25 vs. IP

  13. Sendmail • history, flavors and sources • building the pieces • configuring and making additions • running and debugging • patches, MTA, MDA, deliver • security, WORM, smrsh • apps, Majordomo, listproc, procmail • SMTP, S/MIME, POP3, PINE, mail

  14. AdminTool(s) • useradd / mod / del / … • standard vs. automatic • Admintool: NIS, printing, accounts

  15. Customizing the server • custom: code, apps, names, locations • optimizations: disk, net, code • reduction: installs, apps, libs, services, ports • server tuning • system, apps, services, networks

  16. Power Administration • power tools • automation • analyzers • secure remote apps / services • homegrown: library and documentation • GURU status

  17. UNIX Servers & the Internet • buyer beware: cavities and imp tours • preinstall vs. admin install • binary distribution vs. source compile • documentation, FAQ’s, RFC’s, GURU’s, vendor docs & white papers • locations: GNU, USENET, sites, lists

  18. Security • Internet: CERT, AUSCERT, Spaff, ISM, • Apps: ISS, SATAN, Gabriel, Crack, COPS • hackers: methods, culture, sites • mods: S-Key, SSH, firewalls, wrappers • gotchas: R cmds, NIS, NFS, passwords, ethernet, login checks • strategies: custom code, detection / prevention, backups, obscurity, ________?

  19. Late breaking developments • security • networking • horse power • interoperability • user interface • cool applications

  20. Further Study • newsgroups • lists • web sites • standards and white papers • IEEE, ISO, ANSI, RFC’s • O’Reiley • Other publications • Trade shows and instructor based courses

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