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Momentum

Momentum . Physics Nov 26/27. Objectives. Define momentum Define impulse and describe how it affects changes in momentum Next Class Solve for momentum and impulse Explain why an impulse is greater when an object bounces than when the same object comes to a sudden stop. Exploration.

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Momentum

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  1. Momentum Physics Nov 26/27

  2. Objectives • Define momentum • Define impulse and describe how it affects changes in momentum Next Class • Solve for momentum and impulse • Explain why an impulse is greater when an object bounces than when the same object comes to a sudden stop

  3. Exploration • Can you figure out how to catch an egg without it breaking?

  4. Topic What did you do to catch the egg? Did it break? Facts What were your results?

  5. Topic momentum Facts Momentum effects things in motion Inertia in motion Symbol is p p = mv p = momentum (kg m/s) m = mass (kg) v = velocity (m/s) Also referred to as impulse Momentum

  6. Topic Momentum is a vector quantity. Why? Facts Because velocity is part of momentum which is a vector quantity The momentum is in the same direction as the velocity Reach for the Stars!

  7. Momentum with Bill Nye • Bill Nye Video

  8. Topic Impulse Facts Impulse is the change momentum The quantity force x time Impulse = Ft Units are Newton x seconds (Ns) a force applied for a longer time period produces more change in momentum than the same force applied briefly More about Impulse

  9. Topic Momentum and impulse Facts p = mv Impulse = Ft Therefore, Ft = mv The relationship between momentum and impulse

  10. Topic Ft = mv Facts F = ma, so we can substitute for F mat = mv a = v/t, therefore substitute for a mvt = mv, the t’s cancel t Leaving you, mv = mv, which is why impulse equals momentum! Why?

  11. Topic If you know the momentum of an object, what else do you know? Facts The impulse Let’s See if You Understand

  12. Something more visual • Momentum Summary (until 1:30)

  13. Topic If you want to hit a home run, what would you do in order for the baseball to have the greatest momentum? Facts Swing as hard as possible (force) and follow through (increases the time of contact between ball and bat) Ft Explore- increasing momentum?

  14. Topic Increasing momentum Facts Apply greatest force for longest time Ft How do you increase momentum?

  15. Topic How could you increase the momentum when hitting a volleyball? Facts Create your own example

  16. Topic What did you have to do to catch the egg without it breaking? Refer to impulse- change time or force? Facts I increased the time the egg was in contact with the plate so that the change in momentum (as it falls to zero) results in less force between the egg and the plate Explore- decreasing momentum?

  17. Topic Decreasing momentum Facts Increase the amount of impact time; therefore, decreasing the force Maximize force; therefore, minimizing the impact time. How do you decrease momentum?

  18. Topic What is the relationship between force and time? Facts They are inversely proportional!!! Reach for the Stars!

  19. Topic Why is falling on a floor with more give (like carpet) less dangerous than falling on a floor with less give (like concrete)? Facts Because the floor with more give (like carpet) allows a greater time for the impulse that reduces the momentum of fall to zero. A greater time for change in momentum results in less force. Let’s See if You Understand

  20. Topic Give an example where the momentum is decreased by increasing the impact time Facts Falling into a net Increases impact time Make your own example of decreasing momentum

  21. Topic Give an example where to momentum is decreased by increasing the impact force Facts A karate chop on a cement block Lots of force Short impact time Make your own example of decreasing momentum

  22. Class work • Make a plan for container that will keep your egg alive!

  23. Closing Egg Drop Lab • When dropping the egg container, it will have momentum. • What should your container do in order to decrease the momentum so the egg will not break? Increase the amount of impact time; therefore, decreasing the force

  24. Homework • Bring materials to build container!!! • Read and answer ques

  25. Topic Tiger woods hits a 0.05kg golf ball, giving it a speed of 75 m/s. What impulse does he impart to the ball. Facts KnownSolve Unknown Equation Practice solving for momentum

  26. Topic If Tiger’s golf ball rolls onto the green 4.5 s later, what is the average force it exerted on the green. Facts KnownSolve Unknown Equation Practice solving for momentum

  27. Practice Yourself • Page 101 in your textbook, numbers 19-21 • p = mv • Impulse = Ft

  28. Topic How does impulse affect changes in momentum? Facts Closing

  29. Study the momentum notes! Bring materials for egg drop lab Homework

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