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Literary and Language Elements Set #2: Figurative Language

Literary and Language Elements Set #2: Figurative Language. English I 2011-2012. The difference between what we expect and what actually happens. I. Irony. There are three types of irony:

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Literary and Language Elements Set #2: Figurative Language

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  1. Literary and Language Elements Set #2:Figurative Language English I 2011-2012

  2. The difference between what we expect and what actually happens I. Irony • There are three types of irony: • Verbal Irony: Saying something when you mean the opposite(ex: General Zaroff in “TMDG” says, “We try to be civilized here.”) • Situational Irony: Occurs when a situation turns out to be just the opposite of what we expect (ex: Meeting the Wizard of Oz) • Dramatic Irony: When we know something that the characters in the story do not (ex: In many scary movies, the audience can see the killer, but the victim cannot)

  3. II. Symbolism Symbol: a specific object, person, or event that functions as itself but also functions as something more than itself. • Symbols help to reinforce theme! Dove= Peace Sun=Power that produces life Fork in the road = ? A torrential rainstorm = ?

  4. III. Comparisons Personification: A figure of speech in which human qualities are given to an object, animal, or idea. Examples: • “The wind whistled through the trees.” • “The earth trembled beneath my feet.”

  5. III. Comparisons Simile: A figure of speech that makes a DIRECT COMPARISON between two unlike words, often (but not always) using comparisons such as “like” or “as.” Examples: • “The wind sounded like a freight train as it tore apart the house.” • Comparison is between the sound of the wind and a freight train • “’What I like best about this tree,’ he said in that voice of his, the equivalent in sound of a hypnotist’s eye…” • Comparison between his voice and the effect of a hypnotist’s eye

  6. III. Comparisons Metaphor: A figure of speech that makes an INDIRECT COMPARISON between two unlike things that have something in common. They DO NOT contain the words “like” or “as.” Examples: • “His face was a stone mask. It did not move or show any emotion.” • “The tree was a steely black temple beside the river.”

  7. IV. Theme A theme is the central idea of a work of literature. It is not the same thing as the subject. It is what the work means. • It is the “BIG PICTURE” message that the author wants us to discover as we read.

  8. IV. Theme How do we talk about theme? • A theme is NOT a one-word concept. That is the subject. We state theme as a full sentence. • EXAMPLE: • If a story is about revenge, the theme of that story is not revenge. Revenge is the subject. • The theme is the idea or insight about revenge, such as “Revenge is not always as sweet as it seems.”

  9. V. Motif A motif is a recurring subject, theme, or idea. A motif is important because through repetition, it allows the reader to see what the main points and themes of a story are. For example: The Bible and other similar religious texts have the recurring theme of the triumph of good over evil. This is a motif.

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